{"id":147,"date":"2020-09-03T15:35:52","date_gmt":"2020-09-03T12:35:52","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/chapter\/__unknown__-43\/"},"modified":"2020-09-03T15:35:52","modified_gmt":"2020-09-03T12:35:52","slug":"__unknown__-43","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/chapter\/__unknown__-43\/","title":{"raw":"6.2 \u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 nedir?","rendered":"6.2 \u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 nedir?"},"content":{"raw":"\n<p class=\"para2\"><img class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0069.png\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0069.png\"><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 6.2.1 Teknoloji tabanl\u0131 ki\u015fisel bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131\nG\u00f6rsel: Jason Hews, Flikr<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"color: #2c2e35;\">6.2.1 Tan\u0131m<\/span><\/h3>\n<blockquote>\u2018<span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><span lang=\"zxx\">\u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131<\/span><em class=\"western\"><span lang=\"zxx\">, \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00f6\u011frenme eylemini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri farkl\u0131 fiziksel mek\u00e2nlar, ortamlar ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrler anlam\u0131na gelir. \u00d6\u011frenciler okul d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, a\u00e7\u0131k havada veya benzeri \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitli ortamlarda \u00f6\u011frenebildikleri i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 terimi, genellikle, birbiri ard\u0131na dizilmi\u015f s\u0131ralar ve kara tahtadan olu\u015fan bir oda olarak g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczde canlanan ve nispeten daha geleneksel bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m yaratan s\u0131n\u0131fa alternatif olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/em><\/i><\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><em class=\"western\"><span lang=\"zxx\">Terim, ayn\u0131 zamanda, bir okulun veya s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, yani ortak de\u011fer ve inan\u00e7 sistemini veya `ruh\u2019unu, insanlar\u0131n birbirleriyle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fim kurduklar\u0131n\u0131, birbirlerine nas\u0131l davrand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin \u00f6\u011frenmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir e\u011fitim ortam\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l d\u00fczenlediklerini de anlat\u0131r...\u2019<\/span><\/em><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/blockquote>\n<p lang=\"zxx\" style=\"text-align: right;\" align=\"right\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">E\u011fitim Reformu S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc , 29 A\u011fustos 2014<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu tan\u0131m, \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ortamlarda \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi fikrini kabul eden bir tan\u0131md\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frenme eylemini \u00f6\u011frenciler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek zorunda oldu\u011fundan as\u0131l hedef, \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00f6\u011frenme yetisini en iyi h\u00e2le getiren eksiksiz bir ortam olu\u015fturabilmektir. Tek ve en iyi bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 elbette ki yoktur. Yarat\u0131labilecek sonsuz say\u0131da \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 vard\u0131r; \u00f6\u011fretmeyi bu kadar ilgin\u00e7 yapan \u015fey de asl\u0131nda budur.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\" lang=\"zxx\">6.2.2 \u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 t\u00fcrleri<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130\u015fte farkl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">bir okul veya \u00fcniversite kamp\u00fcs\u00fc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00e7evrim i\u00e7i bir ders<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">askeri e\u011fitim<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">arkada\u015flar, aile ve i\u015f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">do\u011fa<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">ki\u015fisel, teknoloji tabanl\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bununla birlikte ba\u011flamdaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klara ra\u011fmen en etkili \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131nda bulunabilecek baz\u0131 unsurlar veya bile\u015fenler oldu\u011funu iddia etmekteyim.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\" lang=\"zxx\">6.2.3 Etkili bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n bile\u015fenleri<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Belirli bir ders veya program kapsam\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in eksiksiz bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 yaratmak, \u00f6\u011fretim i\u015finin belki de en yarat\u0131c\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. Her ne kadar fiziksel kurumsal \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na (s\u0131n\u0131flar, ders salonlar\u0131 ve laboratuvarlar gibi) veya \u00f6\u011frenme y\u00f6netim sistemleri gibi \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan teknolojilere odaklanma e\u011filimi olsa da \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131 bu fiziksel bile\u015fenlerden daha geni\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca \u015funlar\u0131 da i\u00e7erirler:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenicilerin \u00f6zellikleri ve ileti\u015fim yollar\u0131;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme hedefleri;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenmeyi destekleyen etkinlikler;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">ders kitaplar\u0131, teknoloji veya \u00f6\u011frenme alanlar\u0131 gibi mevcut kaynaklar;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenmeyi en iyi \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7ecek ve y\u00f6nlendirecek de\u011ferlendirme stratejileri;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n benimsenmesini sa\u011flayacak k\u00fclt\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"para2\"><img class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0070.png\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0070.png\" width=\"866\" height=\"866\"><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 6.2.2 Bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u015eekil 6.2.2, bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin veya \u00f6\u011fretim eleman\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnden \u00f6rnek bir \u00f6\u011fretim ortam\u0131n\u0131 tasvir etmektedir. \u00d6\u011frenen \u00f6zellikleri veya kaynaklar gibi birtak\u0131m unsurlar \u00f6\u011fretmenin kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda olmasa bile, \u00f6\u011fretmen i\u00e7erik se\u00e7imi ya da \u00f6\u011frencilerin nas\u0131l desteklenece\u011fi gibi unsurlar \u00fczerinde tam kontrol sahibidir. Her bir ana unsurun alt\u0131nda, dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken alt-unsurlar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Esasen bu, ger\u00e7ek kararlar\u0131n verilmesi gereken de bu alt bile\u015fenlerde (i\u00e7erik yap\u0131s\u0131, pratik aktiviteler, geri bildirim, teknoloji kullan\u0131m\u0131, de\u011ferlendirme y\u00f6ntemleri vb.) yer al\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"zxx\">\u015eekil 6.2.2'de sadece birka\u00e7 bile\u015feni listeledim ve verdi\u011fim listenin kapsaml\u0131 olmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131m. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin veya \u00f6\u011fretim eleman\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak durumunda oldu\u011fu \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecek etik davran\u0131\u015f geli\u015ftirme, kurumsal fakt\u00f6rler ya da d\u0131\u015f akreditasyon gibi ba\u015fka unsurlar da ekleyebilirdim. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz: Bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 modeli yaratmak, belirli bir \u00f6\u011frenme g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne sahip olan belirli \u00f6\u011fretmenin veya \u00f6\u011fretim eleman\u0131n\u0131n deneyimledi\u011fi, belirli bir ders veya program i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 planlanan tam bir \u00f6\u011fretim ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131n kapsaml\u0131 bir resminin verildi\u011fi ke\u015fifsel bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Bir kez daha belirtmek isterim ki s\u00fcre\u00e7te dikkate al\u0131nacak unsurlar\u0131n se\u00e7imi ve \u00f6nemi \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin ve \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel epistemolojileri ve bilgiye, \u00f6\u011frenmeye ve \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemlerine dair inan\u00e7lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u015fekillenecektir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Son olarak uygun \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131ndaki temel sorumluluk \u00f6\u011fretmen oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in yukar\u0131daki \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131 bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin g\u00f6z\u00fcnden size sunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m; ancak \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenenlerin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirmek de ayn\u0131 derece \u00f6nemli. Asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, yeti\u015fkin \u00f6\u011frenciler kendi ki\u015fisel ve nispeten \u00f6zerk \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturma kapasitesine sahip oldu\u011funu da s\u00f6ylemek gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Buradaki \u00f6nemli nokta, bir ders veya program\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretiminde dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bu unsurlar\u0131n tan\u0131mlaman\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fudur. \u00d6zellikle, i\u00e7erik veya \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bile\u015fenler de vard\u0131r. Yukar\u0131da \u00f6rnek olarak se\u00e7ti\u011fim \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131ndaki anahtar unsurlar\u0131n her biri, \u00f6zellikle dijital \u00e7a\u011f ba\u011flam\u0131nda ilerleyen b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde k\u0131saca ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Etkinlik 6.2 Bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 nelerden etkilenir<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ol>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na neden \u00f6\u011frencinin de\u011fil de \u00f6\u011fretmenin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz? Benzer bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 modelini bir \u00f6\u011frenci perspektifinden tasarlayabilir misiniz? Ana farklar ne olurdu?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Senaryo D\u2019deki HIST 305 dersi i\u00e7in bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 olu\u015ftururken Ralph Goodyear, yaratmak istedi\u011fi \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131 kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda olan ve olmayan unsurlarla birlikte dikkatli bir \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirmi\u015fti. Sizce Goodyear\u2019\u0131n hangi unsurlar \u00fczerinde kontrol\u00fc yoktu veya (varsa) azd\u0131?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u015eekil 6.2.2\u2019deki \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131na ne eklersiniz veya ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u015eekil 6.2.1 - teknolojiye dayal\u0131 ki\u015fisel \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131nda eksik olan nedir? Ne t\u00fcr bir ama\u00e7 i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekten i\u015fe yarar?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek \u00f6\u011fretim gayretini a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede karma\u015f\u0131k h\u00e2le getiriyor mu? Niye yaln\u0131zca \u00f6\u011fretip ge\u00e7miyoruz?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu etkinlikle ilgili geri bildirimim i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki podcaste t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Ses \u00f6gesi, kitab\u0131n bu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Buradan \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i olarak dinleyebilirsiniz: https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/teachinginadigitalagev2\/?p=34<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n&nbsp;\n","rendered":"<p class=\"para2\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0069.png\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0069.png\" \/><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 6.2.1 Teknoloji tabanl\u0131 ki\u015fisel bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131<br \/>\nG\u00f6rsel: Jason Hews, Flikr<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"color: #2c2e35;\">6.2.1 Tan\u0131m<\/span><\/h3>\n<blockquote><p>\u2018<span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><span lang=\"zxx\">\u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131<\/span><em class=\"western\"><span lang=\"zxx\">, \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00f6\u011frenme eylemini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirdikleri farkl\u0131 fiziksel mek\u00e2nlar, ortamlar ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrler anlam\u0131na gelir. \u00d6\u011frenciler okul d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, a\u00e7\u0131k havada veya benzeri \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ve \u00e7e\u015fitli ortamlarda \u00f6\u011frenebildikleri i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 terimi, genellikle, birbiri ard\u0131na dizilmi\u015f s\u0131ralar ve kara tahtadan olu\u015fan bir oda olarak g\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fczde canlanan ve nispeten daha geleneksel bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131\u015f\u0131m yaratan s\u0131n\u0131fa alternatif olarak kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/em><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><em class=\"western\"><span lang=\"zxx\">Terim, ayn\u0131 zamanda, bir okulun veya s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131n k\u00fclt\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc, yani ortak de\u011fer ve inan\u00e7 sistemini veya `ruh\u2019unu, insanlar\u0131n birbirleriyle nas\u0131l etkile\u015fim kurduklar\u0131n\u0131, birbirlerine nas\u0131l davrand\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin \u00f6\u011frenmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bir e\u011fitim ortam\u0131n\u0131 nas\u0131l d\u00fczenlediklerini de anlat\u0131r&#8230;\u2019<\/span><\/em><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p lang=\"zxx\" style=\"text-align: right; text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">E\u011fitim Reformu S\u00f6zl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc , 29 A\u011fustos 2014<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu tan\u0131m, \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 ortamlarda \u00e7ok farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi fikrini kabul eden bir tan\u0131md\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frenme eylemini \u00f6\u011frenciler ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek zorunda oldu\u011fundan as\u0131l hedef, \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00f6\u011frenme yetisini en iyi h\u00e2le getiren eksiksiz bir ortam olu\u015fturabilmektir. Tek ve en iyi bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 elbette ki yoktur. Yarat\u0131labilecek sonsuz say\u0131da \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 vard\u0131r; \u00f6\u011fretmeyi bu kadar ilgin\u00e7 yapan \u015fey de asl\u0131nda budur.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\" lang=\"zxx\">6.2.2 \u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 t\u00fcrleri<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130\u015fte farkl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na birka\u00e7 \u00f6rnek:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">bir okul veya \u00fcniversite kamp\u00fcs\u00fc<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00e7evrim i\u00e7i bir ders<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">askeri e\u011fitim<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">arkada\u015flar, aile ve i\u015f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">do\u011fa<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">ki\u015fisel, teknoloji tabanl\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bununla birlikte ba\u011flamdaki farkl\u0131l\u0131klara ra\u011fmen en etkili \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131nda bulunabilecek baz\u0131 unsurlar veya bile\u015fenler oldu\u011funu iddia etmekteyim.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\" lang=\"zxx\">6.2.3 Etkili bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n bile\u015fenleri<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Belirli bir ders veya program kapsam\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in eksiksiz bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 yaratmak, \u00f6\u011fretim i\u015finin belki de en yarat\u0131c\u0131 k\u0131sm\u0131d\u0131r. Her ne kadar fiziksel kurumsal \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na (s\u0131n\u0131flar, ders salonlar\u0131 ve laboratuvarlar gibi) veya \u00f6\u011frenme y\u00f6netim sistemleri gibi \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan teknolojilere odaklanma e\u011filimi olsa da \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131 bu fiziksel bile\u015fenlerden daha geni\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca \u015funlar\u0131 da i\u00e7erirler:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenicilerin \u00f6zellikleri ve ileti\u015fim yollar\u0131;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme hedefleri;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenmeyi destekleyen etkinlikler;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">ders kitaplar\u0131, teknoloji veya \u00f6\u011frenme alanlar\u0131 gibi mevcut kaynaklar;<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenmeyi en iyi \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7ecek ve y\u00f6nlendirecek de\u011ferlendirme stratejileri;<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n benimsenmesini sa\u011flayacak k\u00fclt\u00fcr.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p class=\"para2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0070.png\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0070.png\" width=\"866\" height=\"866\" \/><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 6.2.2 Bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 \u00f6rne\u011fi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u015eekil 6.2.2, bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin veya \u00f6\u011fretim eleman\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6z\u00fcnden \u00f6rnek bir \u00f6\u011fretim ortam\u0131n\u0131 tasvir etmektedir. \u00d6\u011frenen \u00f6zellikleri veya kaynaklar gibi birtak\u0131m unsurlar \u00f6\u011fretmenin kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda olmasa bile, \u00f6\u011fretmen i\u00e7erik se\u00e7imi ya da \u00f6\u011frencilerin nas\u0131l desteklenece\u011fi gibi unsurlar \u00fczerinde tam kontrol sahibidir. Her bir ana unsurun alt\u0131nda, dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken alt-unsurlar bulunmaktad\u0131r. Esasen bu, ger\u00e7ek kararlar\u0131n verilmesi gereken de bu alt bile\u015fenlerde (i\u00e7erik yap\u0131s\u0131, pratik aktiviteler, geri bildirim, teknoloji kullan\u0131m\u0131, de\u011ferlendirme y\u00f6ntemleri vb.) yer al\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"zxx\">\u015eekil 6.2.2&#8217;de sadece birka\u00e7 bile\u015feni listeledim ve verdi\u011fim listenin kapsaml\u0131 olmas\u0131na \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131m. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin veya \u00f6\u011fretim eleman\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmak durumunda oldu\u011fu \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131 etkileyecek etik davran\u0131\u015f geli\u015ftirme, kurumsal fakt\u00f6rler ya da d\u0131\u015f akreditasyon gibi ba\u015fka unsurlar da ekleyebilirdim. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u015funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz: Bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 modeli yaratmak, belirli bir \u00f6\u011frenme g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f\u00fcne sahip olan belirli \u00f6\u011fretmenin veya \u00f6\u011fretim eleman\u0131n\u0131n deneyimledi\u011fi, belirli bir ders veya program i\u00e7in olu\u015fturulmas\u0131 planlanan tam bir \u00f6\u011fretim ba\u011flam\u0131n\u0131n kapsaml\u0131 bir resminin verildi\u011fi ke\u015fifsel bir s\u00fcre\u00e7tir. Bir kez daha belirtmek isterim ki s\u00fcre\u00e7te dikkate al\u0131nacak unsurlar\u0131n se\u00e7imi ve \u00f6nemi \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin ve \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n ki\u015fisel epistemolojileri ve bilgiye, \u00f6\u011frenmeye ve \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemlerine dair inan\u00e7lar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan \u015fekillenecektir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Son olarak uygun \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015fturulmas\u0131ndaki temel sorumluluk \u00f6\u011fretmen oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in yukar\u0131daki \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131 bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin g\u00f6z\u00fcnden size sunmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131m; ancak \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenenlerin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirmek de ayn\u0131 derece \u00f6nemli. Asl\u0131na bak\u0131l\u0131rsa, yeti\u015fkin \u00f6\u011frenciler kendi ki\u015fisel ve nispeten \u00f6zerk \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturma kapasitesine sahip oldu\u011funu da s\u00f6ylemek gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Buradaki \u00f6nemli nokta, bir ders veya program\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretiminde dikkate al\u0131nmas\u0131 gereken bu unsurlar\u0131n tan\u0131mlaman\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fudur. \u00d6zellikle, i\u00e7erik veya \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ba\u015fka bile\u015fenler de vard\u0131r. Yukar\u0131da \u00f6rnek olarak se\u00e7ti\u011fim \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131ndaki anahtar unsurlar\u0131n her biri, \u00f6zellikle dijital \u00e7a\u011f ba\u011flam\u0131nda ilerleyen b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerde k\u0131saca ele al\u0131nacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Etkinlik 6.2 Bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 nelerden etkilenir<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na neden \u00f6\u011frencinin de\u011fil de \u00f6\u011fretmenin bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan yakla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsunuz? Benzer bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 modelini bir \u00f6\u011frenci perspektifinden tasarlayabilir misiniz? Ana farklar ne olurdu?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Senaryo D\u2019deki HIST 305 dersi i\u00e7in bir \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131 olu\u015ftururken Ralph Goodyear, yaratmak istedi\u011fi \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131 kontrol\u00fc alt\u0131nda olan ve olmayan unsurlarla birlikte dikkatli bir \u015fekilde de\u011ferlendirmi\u015fti. Sizce Goodyear\u2019\u0131n hangi unsurlar \u00fczerinde kontrol\u00fc yoktu veya (varsa) azd\u0131?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u015eekil 6.2.2\u2019deki \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131na ne eklersiniz veya ne \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u015eekil 6.2.1 &#8211; teknolojiye dayal\u0131 ki\u015fisel \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131nda eksik olan nedir? Ne t\u00fcr bir ama\u00e7 i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ekten i\u015fe yarar?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p class=\"list-bullet-4-western\" lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek \u00f6\u011fretim gayretini a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 derecede karma\u015f\u0131k h\u00e2le getiriyor mu? Niye yaln\u0131zca \u00f6\u011fretip ge\u00e7miyoruz?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu etkinlikle ilgili geri bildirimim i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki podcaste t\u0131klay\u0131n.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"zxx\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Ses \u00f6gesi, kitab\u0131n bu s\u00fcr\u00fcm\u00fcnden \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131ld\u0131. Buradan \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i olarak dinleyebilirsiniz: https:\/\/pressbooks.bccampus.ca\/teachinginadigitalagev2\/?p=34<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":2,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-147","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":142,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147\/revisions"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/142"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/147\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=147"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=147"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=147"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=147"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}