{"id":254,"date":"2020-09-03T15:36:58","date_gmt":"2020-09-03T12:36:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/chapter\/__unknown__-110\/"},"modified":"2020-09-03T15:36:58","modified_gmt":"2020-09-03T12:36:58","slug":"__unknown__-110","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/chapter\/__unknown__-110\/","title":{"raw":"10.3 Hangi mod? \u00d6\u011frenci \u0130htiya\u00e7lar\u0131","rendered":"10.3 Hangi mod? \u00d6\u011frenci \u0130htiya\u00e7lar\u0131"},"content":{"raw":"\n<p class=\"para2\"><img class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0134.jpg\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0134.jpg\" width=\"743\" height=\"503\"><\/p>\n<span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 10.3.1 \u00d6\u011frencileriniz kim? G\u00f6rsel: UBC K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/i><\/span><\/span>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Ders verme bi\u00e7imi ile ilgili karar al\u0131rken \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki d\u00f6rt soruyu sormalar\u0131 beklenir:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frencilerim kim?<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">tercih etti\u011fim \u00f6\u011fretim yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ne?<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">hangi i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve becerileri \u00f6\u011fretmen gerek?<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">karar\u0131m\u0131 destekleyecek hangi kaynaklara sahibim?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Her zaman oldu\u011fu gibi \u00f6\u011frencilerle ba\u015fl\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">10.3.1 Tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i\/uzaktan \u00f6\u011frenciler<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar (\u00f6rne\u011fin bk. Dabbagh, 2007 ) say\u0131s\u0131z kere g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i dersler baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilere daha uygundur:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">daha b\u00fcy\u00fck, yeti\u015fkin \u00f6\u011frenciler;<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">halihaz\u0131rda bir e\u011fitim ge\u00e7mi\u015fi olan \u00f6\u011frenciler;<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">part time \u00f6\u011frenciler ya da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve\/veya bir ailesi olan \u00f6\u011frenciler.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu kan\u0131 yaln\u0131zca KA\u00c7D\u2019ler (bk.B\u00f6l\u00fcm 5) ve di\u011fer kredisiz dersler veya kurslar i\u00e7in de\u011fil kredili ders ve programlar i\u00e7in de (ve hatta belki daha fazla bunlar i\u00e7in) ge\u00e7erlidir. Asl\u0131nda \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 pazar vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.1 \u00c7evrim i\u00e7i lisans \u00f6\u011frencileri<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bug\u00fcn, \u2018uzaktan\u2019 terimi co\u011frafi bir terim olmaktan \u00e7ok psikolojik veya sosyal bir terimdir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0130ngiliz Kolombiya \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde devam eden \u00f6\u011frencilerden d\u00fczenli olarak toplanan anket verilerine g\u00f6re:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frencilerin y\u00fczde 20\u2019sinden az\u0131, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders alma nedeni olarak uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya seyahat zorunlulu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi;<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130ngiliz Kolombiya \u00dcniversitesindeki \u00f6\u011frencilerin (toplamda 60.000 \u00f6\u011frenci var) yakla\u015f\u0131k 10.000' i ger\u00e7ekten uzaktan olmayan en az bir \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders al\u0131yor. \u00d6\u011frencilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu (y\u00fczde 80\u2019inden fazlas\u0131) \u00fcniversiteye en fazla 90 dakika i\u00e7inde ula\u015f\u0131labilen Vancouver il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ve neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131 ise Vancouver \u015fehir merkezinde ya\u015f\u0131yor. \u00d6\u011frencilerin \u00e7ok az\u0131 (y\u00fczde 10\u2019undan az\u0131), bu oran her sene yava\u015f yava\u015f artsa da il d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ikamet ediyor;<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">di\u011fer taraftan, \u0130ngiliz Kolombiya \u00dcniversitesindeki \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisi \u00fccretli bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor;<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">lisans \u00f6\u011frencilerinin bir\u00e7o\u011fu, y\u00fcz y\u00fcze s\u0131n\u0131flar \u00e7ok dolu oldu\u011fundan ya da \u00f6\u011frencilerin diploma alabilmeleri i\u00e7in eksik kredilerini tamamlamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011finden son senesinde \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders al\u0131yor. \u00c7evrim i\u00e7i ders almak, \u00f6\u011frencilerin okulu uzatmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nl\u00fcyor;<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00e7o\u011fu \u00f6\u011frencinin tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders almas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndaki ana sebep, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i derslerin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 esneklik; bu esneklik \u00f6zellikle de, \u00f6\u011frencilerin i\u015f ve aile ya\u015famlar\u0131ndaki sorumluluklar ya da y\u00fcz y\u00fcze derslerin haftal\u0131k ders program\u0131 \u00fczerinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmede esneklik sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">ABD'de, her \u00fc\u00e7 lisans \u00f6\u011frencisinden biri en az bir \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders (Allen ve Seaman, 2017 ). Lisans d\u00fczeyinde, \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00fcniversitelerde d\u00fczenli kamp\u00fcs tabanl\u0131 lisans program\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak en fazla \u00fc\u00e7 ila d\u00f6rt \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders ve Kanada'da iki y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00fcksekokullarda be\u015fe kadar \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders almalar\u0131 muhtemeldir (Donovan vd., 2018 ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Yak\u0131n zamana kadar Kuzey Amerika'da, Kanada'daki a\u00e7\u0131k \u00fcniversiteler (Athabasca, T\u00e9luq, Thompson Rivers A\u00e7\u0131k \u00d6\u011frenme) ve Phoenix \u00dcniversitesi, Western Governors \u00dcniversitesi ve ABD'de Maryland \u00dcniversitesi gibi uzman kurumlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i sunulan birka\u00e7 lisans program\u0131 vard\u0131. <span style=\"color: #008000;\"> Bununla birlikte son y\u0131llarda Kanada Krali\u00e7e \u00dcniversitesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan madenciler i\u00e7in Maden M\u00fchendisli\u011fi Teknolojisi Lisans gibi bir dizi uzman \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i lisans program\u0131 sunulmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Buna g\u00f6re; tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i derslerin, motivasyon d\u00fczeyi y\u00fcksek ve daha deneyimli \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in daha uygun oldu\u011funu \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu derslerin ya\u015fam kaliteleri \u00fczerinde do\u011frudan etkisi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u00c7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenciler, ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilmek i\u00e7in di\u011fer \u00f6\u011frencilerden daha fazla \u00f6z-disipline ve motivasyona gereksinim duyarlar. Bunun anlam\u0131 kesinlikle di\u011fer \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmeden fayda sa\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir; ancak bu t\u00fcr \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortamlarda etkin olabilmesi i\u00e7in daha fazla gayret g\u00f6stermeleri gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.2 \u00c7evrim i\u00e7i lisans\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenciler<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">ABD'de, genel olarak lisans\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00fczeyde uzaktan e\u011fitim dersleri alan \u00f6\u011frencilerin oran\u0131 (%17), y\u00fcz y\u00fcze lisans\u00fcst\u00fc e\u011fitim alan \u00f6\u011frencilerle (%15) hemen hemen ayn\u0131 olsa da k\u00e2r ama\u00e7l\u0131 okullarda uzaktan lisans\u00fcst\u00fc e\u011fitim alan \u00f6\u011frencilerin oran\u0131 (%37) k\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen kurulu\u015flardakine (%28) g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksektir (Allen ve Seaman, 2017). (Kanada'da oldu\u011fu gibi - Donovan. vd., 2018 - uzaktan e\u011fitim art\u0131k neredeyse ABD'de \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme ile e\u015f anlaml\u0131d\u0131r).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00c7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme alan\u0131nda en h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fen bile\u015fenlerden biri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara y\u00f6nelik lisans\u00fcst\u00fc programlard\u0131r. Bug\u00fcne kadar \u0130\u015fletme alan\u0131nda y\u00fcksek lisans derecesi ve \u00f6\u011fretmen e\u011fitimi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, devlet \u00fcniversiteleri en k\u00f6t\u00fc h\u00e2liyle kendi kendini finanse edebilen ve hatta kurumlara ek gelir getirebilen bu pazar\u0131n \u00f6nemini anlamakta a\u011f\u0131r kald\u0131. ABD\u2019deki Phoenix \u00dcniversitesi, Laurate \u00dcniversitesi ve Capella \u00dcniversitesi gibi ticari \u00f6zel \u00fcniversiteler ise uzaktan e\u011fitim pazar\u0131na hi\u00e7 beklemeden at\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.3 Uzaktan \u00f6\u011frenenler<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ya da uzaktan \u00f6\u011frenmenin en \u00f6nemli pazarlar\u0131ndan birinin, herhangi bir okula, koleje veya \u00fcniversiteye uzak b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan \u00f6\u011frenciler oldu\u011fu s\u0131kl\u0131kla ifade edilmektedir. Kanada\u2019da durum ger\u00e7ekten b\u00f6yledir. Uzak b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in uzun yolculuklara \u00e7\u0131kmadan ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerde e\u011fitim olana\u011f\u0131na sahip olmalar\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Ancak, uzak k\u0131rsal alanlar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funda yava\u015f uydu ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 veya \u00e7evirmeli a\u011f \u00fczerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zl\u0131 modemlerle yap\u0131lan ba\u011flant\u0131lar nedeniyle internet eri\u015fiminde ba\u011flant\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fanabilir. Uzak kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in kolay eri\u015fim veya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak uygun yerel destek sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015fayacaklard\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bununla birlikte \u015funu hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frencilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, \u00fcniversite kamp\u00fcs\u00fcne en fazla bir saat mesafede olan yerlerde ikamet etmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.4 Hayat boyu \u00f6\u011frenenler<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Di\u011fer taraftan, tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i derslerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a uygun oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u0130\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dijital \u00e7a\u011fda, bilgi taban\u0131 giderek geni\u015fliyor, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u015fler h\u0131zla de\u011fi\u015fiyor; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6zellikle de \u2018ni\u015f\u2019 bilgi alanlar\u0131nda s\u00fcrekli e\u011fitime g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir gereksinim var. B\u00f6yle bir ya\u015fam boyu \u00f6\u011frenme deneyimi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme son derece uygun ve etkili bir yol...<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Hayat boyu \u00f6\u011frenenler de genellikle evli ve \u00e7ocuklu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 esnekli\u011fin de\u011ferini iyi biliyorlar. Bu ki\u015filerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu daha \u00f6nceden e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f, bir \u00f6n lisans veya lisans derecesine sahipler ve bu nedenle de ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini biliyorlar. \u00d6rne\u011fin i\u015fletme e\u011fitimi almak isteyen bir m\u00fchendis veya kendi alan\u0131nda bilgi ve becerilerini g\u00fcncellemek isteyen bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan gibi... Devam ettikleri ders ya da programla kariyerlerindeki olas\u0131 ilerleme aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rebildikleri i\u00e7in de \u00e7o\u011funlukla son derece g\u00fcd\u00fclenmi\u015f durumdalar. Bu nedenle, liseyi yeni bitirmi\u015f \u00f6\u011frencilerden daha ya\u015fl\u0131 ve teknoloji konusunda daha az yeterli olsalar bile, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i dersler i\u00e7in en ideal \u00f6\u011frenci profilinde yer al\u0131yorlar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan derslerin teknik olarak iyi tasarlanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenenlerin derse devam edebilmeleri i\u00e7in \u00e7ok ileri d\u00fczey bilgisayar kullan\u0131m\u0131na gerek olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.5 De\u011fi\u015fen demografiler<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu konuda konu\u015furken ele almam\u0131z gereken di\u011fer bir fakt\u00f6r de, de\u011fi\u015fen demografidir. <span style=\"color: #008000;\">ABD'de, 2012-2015 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda genel olarak y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kay\u0131tlar\u0131 y\u00fczde 3 azal\u0131rken, uzaktan e\u011fitim kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde y\u00fczde 4 oran\u0131nda artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Allen ve Seaman, 2017 ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Okul \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfusun azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde, ya\u015fam boyu \u00f6\u011frenme pazar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lmak \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 belli bir seviyede tutmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gerekli olabilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla uzaktan e\u011fitim\/\u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenimdeki b\u00fcy\u00fcme oran\u0131 <span style=\"color: #008000;\">muhte\u015fem<\/span> olmasa da baz\u0131 akademik birimlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi i\u00e7in bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.6 Yeni i\u015f modelleri<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bununla birlikte bu t\u00fcr hayat boyu \u00f6\u011frenme programlar\u0131n\u0131n istenildi\u011fi gibi i\u015flemesi i\u00e7in kurumlar\u0131n birtak\u0131m d\u00fczenlemeler yapmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6zellikle de \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131n\u0131 bu tarafa y\u00f6neltecek te\u015fvik veya \u00f6d\u00fcller olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, bu t\u00fcr programlar\u0131n en iyi \u015fekilde nas\u0131l verilece\u011fine dair stratejik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin British Columbia \u00dcniversitesi, son derece ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan ve kendi kendini finanse eden tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i y\u00fcksek lisans programlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. \u00d6\u011frenciler sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f Rehabilitasyon Y\u00fcksek Lisans Program\u0131na ba\u015fvurmadan \u00f6nce ayn\u0131 alandaki Sertifika Program\u0131\u2019ndan bir veya iki ders alarak kendilerini deneyebilmektedir. Tam zamanl\u0131 bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar sertifika program\u0131n\u0131 iki y\u0131ldan az bir s\u00fcrede bitirebilmekte, y\u00fcksek lisans program\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6deme yapmak yerine yaln\u0131zca ald\u0131klar\u0131 ders i\u00e7in \u00fccret \u00f6deyebilmektedir. British Columbia \u00dcniversitesi ve Meksika\u2019daki Tec de Monterrey aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan protokol anla\u015fmas\u0131yla, program British Columbia \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u0130ngilizce, Tec de Monterrey\u2019de \u0130spanyolca olarak verilmektedir. Bu ortakl\u0131k, Tec de Monterrey\u2019in \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan E\u011fitim Teknolojisi Y\u00fcksek Lisans program\u0131n\u0131n da ba\u015flamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, k\u0131sa s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde Tec de Monterrey\u2019in lisans\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6\u011frencilerinin say\u0131s\u0131 British Columbia \u00dcniversitesi E\u011fitim Fak\u00fcltesinin <span style=\"color: #008000;\">lisans\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve program a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bug\u00fcne kadar 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r devam etmektedir<\/span>. B\u00f6l\u00fcm 11.5.2\u2019de mod\u00fcler programlar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesinden bahsederken bu \u00f6rneklerin \u00f6nemini daha iyi anlayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00c7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme, kurumlar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma deneyim ve uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu ancak tam te\u015fkilatl\u0131 bir y\u00fcksek lisans program\u0131 ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in yeterli \u00f6\u011frenci olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda da e\u015fsiz bir f\u0131rsat sunmaktad\u0131r. Program\u0131 \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortama ta\u015f\u0131yarak (ek olarak benzer bir konuda uzmanl\u0131\u011fa sahip olan farkl\u0131 bir b\u00f6lgedeki veya ildeki ba\u015fka bir \u00fcniversiteyle ortakl\u0131k kurarak), \u00fclkenin farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden ve hatta di\u011fer \u00fclkelerden \u00f6\u011frencileri programa \u00e7ekmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilecektir. B\u00f6ylelikle, ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar daha da yayg\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olacak ve yeni ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bilgi alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan profesyonel kadrolar geni\u015fleyecektir. Bu, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dijital \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nemli hedeflerinden biridir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">10.3.2 Harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011frenciler<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u2018pazar\u2019\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme pazar\u0131na nazaran daha bulan\u0131k oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenmenin \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in avantaj\u0131 yine esneklik, ancak \u00f6\u011frencilerin s\u0131n\u0131fta yap\u0131lan dersler i\u00e7in yine okula gelmesi gerekiyor. Temel avantaj\u0131 en az\u0131ndan haftada 15 saatten fazla bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak \u00f6\u011frenim kredilerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in ki bu toplam \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 50\u2019sinden fazla (Marshall 2010) \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir avantaj sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, do\u011fru \u00f6\u011fretim stratejileri kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, \u00f6\u011frencilerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6\u011frenme becerilerinin a\u015famal\u0131 olarak geli\u015fimine de \u00f6nemli bir katk\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6\u011frenme becerilerinin \u00f6\u011frenciler okulda veya kamp\u00fcsteyken geli\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme bi\u00e7imindeki \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme, \u00f6\u011frencilere a\u015famal\u0131 olarak ve stratejik bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenciler program boyunca ilerledik\u00e7e \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i k\u0131sm\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve sonunda mezun olduklar\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak \u00f6\u011frenmeye devam edebilmelidirler -ki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6\u011frenme becerisi i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz dijital \u00e7a\u011fda kilit bir beceridir. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olabilmesi ve \u00f6\u011frencilerin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in dersler \u00f6zenli ve dikkatli bir \u015fekilde tasarlanmam\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6\u011frenci deste\u011fi verilmemi\u015fse \u00fcniversite ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i bir \u00f6\u011frenim sunmak iyi bir fikir de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frencilere, \u00f6zellikle yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6\u011frencilere daha fazla esneklik sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenimin akademik avantajlar\u0131 daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131mal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar bir sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Bu noktada Kanada'da her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn, pek \u00e7ok kurumun hem \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i hem de y\u00fcz y\u00fcze \u00f6\u011frenimin avantajlar\u0131ndan yararlanmak i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011fretmenleri taraf\u0131ndan harmanlanm\u0131\u015f veya karma e\u011fitime ge\u00e7irildiklerine tan\u0131k olmaktay\u0131z (Donovan vd., 2018)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">10.3.3 Y\u00fcz y\u00fcze \u00f6\u011frenenler<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Liseden mezun olup \u00fcniversiteye gelen bir\u00e7ok \u00f6\u011frenci, kamp\u00fcste e\u011fitim alman\u0131n onlara getirece\u011fi sosyal, sportif ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olanaklar\u0131 d\u00f6rt g\u00f6zle bekliyor olacakt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u00f6zg\u00fcven sorunu olan veya kendi kendine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma deneyimi olmayan \u00f6\u011frenciler de nispeten `ki\u015fisel\u2019 olarak eri\u015fim ve ileti\u015fim sa\u011flayabilecekleri y\u00fcz y\u00fcze \u00f6\u011fretimi tercih edeceklerdir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Ancak \u00f6zellikle e\u011fer \u00f6\u011frenciler ilk y\u0131l ve ilk programlar\u0131nda g\u00f6reli olarak \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131yla \u00e7ok az konu\u015fabildikleri \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131flarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rlarsa, birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencisi erkek ve kad\u0131nlarda y\u00fcz y\u00fcze e\u011fitime olan tercihin akademik nedenleri \u00e7ok daha az belirgindir. Bu bak\u0131mdan, genellikle daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131flara ve e\u011fitmenlerle y\u00fcz y\u00fcze daha fazla temasa sahip olan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, b\u00f6lgesel kurumlar\u0131n belirli avantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131flarda \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i derslerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra harmanlanm\u0131\u015f dersler ya da ters y\u00fcz edilmi\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme kullan\u0131lmakta iken daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gruplar bir e\u011fitmen ya da \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlileri ile y\u00fcz y\u00fcze e\u011fitim yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130lerleyen k\u0131s\u0131mlarda, harmanlanm\u0131\u015f ve tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmenin t\u00fcm kamp\u00fcs deneyimi \u00fczerinde tekrar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemiz i\u00e7in bize bir f\u0131rsat sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.Kamp\u00fcste e\u011fitim alan \u00f6\u011frencilere, \u00fcniversitenin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda daha iyi bir destek sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. Daha da \u00f6nemlisi, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i olarak daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fcniversiteler kamp\u00fcse gelmenin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc pedagojik avantajlar\u0131n\u0131n neler oldu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda daha fazla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnecek ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frencilerin her sabah erkenden otob\u00fcslere binip okula gelmesinin de\u011feri ancak b\u00f6ylelikle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">10.3.4 \u00d6\u011frencilerinizi tan\u0131y\u0131n<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130\u015fte bu nedenlerle, \u00f6\u011fretim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00f6\u011frencileri tan\u0131man\u0131z son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in \u00f6nce y\u00fcz y\u00fcze derslere kaydolup daha sonra a\u015fina olduklar\u0131 bir s\u0131n\u0131f ortam\u0131nda yava\u015f yava\u015f \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmeyle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 daha iyi olacakt\u0131r. Di\u011fer baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenciler ise yaln\u0131zca \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i olan dersleri almaya uygun olacaklard\u0131r. Kamp\u00fcste e\u011fitim almak isteyen ancak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fcresince belirli bir d\u00fczeyde esnekli\u011fe de gereksinim duyan \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in y\u00fcz y\u00fcze ve \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmenin harmanlanmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Derslerinizi ve programlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i platformlara ta\u015f\u0131mak daha geni\u015f bir pazara ula\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 (\u00f6zellikle de \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fen programlar i\u00e7in) veya tam zamanl\u0131 bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filere e\u011fitime eri\u015fim f\u0131rsat\u0131 vermenizi sa\u011flayabilir. Sizin \u00f6\u011frencileriniz kim? Onlar i\u00e7in hangi ders t\u00fcr\u00fc daha uygun olabilir?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Hangi ders verme t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn se\u00e7ilece\u011fi karar\u0131ndaki en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn, bir ders veya programa kay\u0131t yapt\u0131rabilecek \u00f6\u011frenci pazar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"color: #538135;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Allen, I. and Seaman, J. (2017) Digital Learning Compass: Distance Education Enrollment Report 2017 Babson Survey Research Group\/eLiterate\/WCET<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Dabbagh, N. (2007) The online learner: characteristics and pedagogical implications <em class=\"western\"><i>Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education<\/i><\/em>, Vol. 7, No.3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"color: #538135;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Donovan, T. et al. (2018) Tracking Online and Distance Education in Canadian Universities and Colleges: 2018 Halifax NS: Canadian Digital Learning Research Association<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Marshall, K. (2010) Employment patterns of post-secondary students Perspectives on Labour and Income Ottawa ON: Statistics Canada, September<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"western\">Etkinlik 10.3 \u00d6\u011frencilerinizi tan\u0131y\u0131n<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">1. Bir dersinizi se\u00e7in. Dersinizi alan \u00f6\u011frencilerin temel demografik \u00f6zelliklerini biliyor musunuz: ya\u015f, cinsiyet, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumu, medeni h\u00e2li, dil becerileri? E\u011fer bilmiyorsan\u0131z, bu bilgilere nas\u0131l ula\u015fabilirsiniz?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">2. Bu bilgiye sahip olmak \u00f6\u011fretim \u015feklinizi de\u011fi\u015ftirir miydi?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">3. Y\u00fcz y\u00fcze verdi\u011finiz dersler \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i olsayd\u0131, dersinizi almak isteyen ba\u015fka \u00f6\u011frenci gruplar\u0131 da olur muydu?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu etkinlik hakk\u0131nda geri bildirim yok.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","rendered":"<p class=\"para2\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0134.jpg\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0134.jpg\" width=\"743\" height=\"503\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 10.3.1 \u00d6\u011frencileriniz kim? G\u00f6rsel: UBC K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Ders verme bi\u00e7imi ile ilgili karar al\u0131rken \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki d\u00f6rt soruyu sormalar\u0131 beklenir:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00f6\u011frencilerim kim?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">tercih etti\u011fim \u00f6\u011fretim yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ne?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">hangi i\u00e7eri\u011fi ve becerileri \u00f6\u011fretmen gerek?<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">karar\u0131m\u0131 destekleyecek hangi kaynaklara sahibim?<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Her zaman oldu\u011fu gibi \u00f6\u011frencilerle ba\u015fl\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">10.3.1 Tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i\/uzaktan \u00f6\u011frenciler<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar (\u00f6rne\u011fin bk. Dabbagh, 2007 ) say\u0131s\u0131z kere g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir ki tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i dersler baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilere daha uygundur:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">daha b\u00fcy\u00fck, yeti\u015fkin \u00f6\u011frenciler;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">halihaz\u0131rda bir e\u011fitim ge\u00e7mi\u015fi olan \u00f6\u011frenciler;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">part time \u00f6\u011frenciler ya da \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve\/veya bir ailesi olan \u00f6\u011frenciler.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu kan\u0131 yaln\u0131zca KA\u00c7D\u2019ler (bk.B\u00f6l\u00fcm 5) ve di\u011fer kredisiz dersler veya kurslar i\u00e7in de\u011fil kredili ders ve programlar i\u00e7in de (ve hatta belki daha fazla bunlar i\u00e7in) ge\u00e7erlidir. Asl\u0131nda \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme i\u00e7in birka\u00e7 farkl\u0131 pazar vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.1 \u00c7evrim i\u00e7i lisans \u00f6\u011frencileri<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bug\u00fcn, \u2018uzaktan\u2019 terimi co\u011frafi bir terim olmaktan \u00e7ok psikolojik veya sosyal bir terimdir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u0130ngiliz Kolombiya \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde devam eden \u00f6\u011frencilerden d\u00fczenli olarak toplanan anket verilerine g\u00f6re:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frencilerin y\u00fczde 20\u2019sinden az\u0131, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders alma nedeni olarak uzakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya seyahat zorunlulu\u011funu g\u00f6sterdi;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130ngiliz Kolombiya \u00dcniversitesindeki \u00f6\u011frencilerin (toplamda 60.000 \u00f6\u011frenci var) yakla\u015f\u0131k 10.000&#8242; i ger\u00e7ekten uzaktan olmayan en az bir \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders al\u0131yor. \u00d6\u011frencilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu (y\u00fczde 80\u2019inden fazlas\u0131) \u00fcniversiteye en fazla 90 dakika i\u00e7inde ula\u015f\u0131labilen Vancouver il s\u0131n\u0131rlar\u0131 i\u00e7inde ve neredeyse yar\u0131s\u0131 ise Vancouver \u015fehir merkezinde ya\u015f\u0131yor. \u00d6\u011frencilerin \u00e7ok az\u0131 (y\u00fczde 10\u2019undan az\u0131), bu oran her sene yava\u015f yava\u015f artsa da il d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ikamet ediyor;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">di\u011fer taraftan, \u0130ngiliz Kolombiya \u00dcniversitesindeki \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00fc\u00e7te ikisi \u00fccretli bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">lisans \u00f6\u011frencilerinin bir\u00e7o\u011fu, y\u00fcz y\u00fcze s\u0131n\u0131flar \u00e7ok dolu oldu\u011fundan ya da \u00f6\u011frencilerin diploma alabilmeleri i\u00e7in eksik kredilerini tamamlamalar\u0131 gerekti\u011finden son senesinde \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders al\u0131yor. \u00c7evrim i\u00e7i ders almak, \u00f6\u011frencilerin okulu uzatmalar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nl\u00fcyor;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00e7o\u011fu \u00f6\u011frencinin tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders almas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndaki ana sebep, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i derslerin sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 esneklik; bu esneklik \u00f6zellikle de, \u00f6\u011frencilerin i\u015f ve aile ya\u015famlar\u0131ndaki sorumluluklar ya da y\u00fcz y\u00fcze derslerin haftal\u0131k ders program\u0131 \u00fczerinde yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 zorluklar\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmede esneklik sa\u011fl\u0131yor.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">ABD&#8217;de, her \u00fc\u00e7 lisans \u00f6\u011frencisinden biri en az bir \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders (Allen ve Seaman, 2017 ). Lisans d\u00fczeyinde, \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00fcniversitelerde d\u00fczenli kamp\u00fcs tabanl\u0131 lisans program\u0131n\u0131n bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak en fazla \u00fc\u00e7 ila d\u00f6rt \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders ve Kanada&#8217;da iki y\u0131ll\u0131k y\u00fcksekokullarda be\u015fe kadar \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ders almalar\u0131 muhtemeldir (Donovan vd., 2018 ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Yak\u0131n zamana kadar Kuzey Amerika&#8217;da, Kanada&#8217;daki a\u00e7\u0131k \u00fcniversiteler (Athabasca, T\u00e9luq, Thompson Rivers A\u00e7\u0131k \u00d6\u011frenme) ve Phoenix \u00dcniversitesi, Western Governors \u00dcniversitesi ve ABD&#8217;de Maryland \u00dcniversitesi gibi uzman kurumlar d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i sunulan birka\u00e7 lisans program\u0131 vard\u0131. <span style=\"color: #008000;\"> Bununla birlikte son y\u0131llarda Kanada Krali\u00e7e \u00dcniversitesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan madenciler i\u00e7in Maden M\u00fchendisli\u011fi Teknolojisi Lisans gibi bir dizi uzman \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i lisans program\u0131 sunulmaya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Buna g\u00f6re; tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i derslerin, motivasyon d\u00fczeyi y\u00fcksek ve daha deneyimli \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in daha uygun oldu\u011funu \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu derslerin ya\u015fam kaliteleri \u00fczerinde do\u011frudan etkisi olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u00c7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenciler, ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilmek i\u00e7in di\u011fer \u00f6\u011frencilerden daha fazla \u00f6z-disipline ve motivasyona gereksinim duyarlar. Bunun anlam\u0131 kesinlikle di\u011fer \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmeden fayda sa\u011flayamayaca\u011f\u0131 de\u011fildir; ancak bu t\u00fcr \u00f6\u011frencilerin \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortamlarda etkin olabilmesi i\u00e7in daha fazla gayret g\u00f6stermeleri gerekir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.2 \u00c7evrim i\u00e7i lisans\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenciler<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"color: #008000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">ABD&#8217;de, genel olarak lisans\u00fcst\u00fc d\u00fczeyde uzaktan e\u011fitim dersleri alan \u00f6\u011frencilerin oran\u0131 (%17), y\u00fcz y\u00fcze lisans\u00fcst\u00fc e\u011fitim alan \u00f6\u011frencilerle (%15) hemen hemen ayn\u0131 olsa da k\u00e2r ama\u00e7l\u0131 okullarda uzaktan lisans\u00fcst\u00fc e\u011fitim alan \u00f6\u011frencilerin oran\u0131 (%37) k\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen kurulu\u015flardakine (%28) g\u00f6re daha y\u00fcksektir (Allen ve Seaman, 2017). (Kanada&#8217;da oldu\u011fu gibi &#8211; Donovan. vd., 2018 &#8211; uzaktan e\u011fitim art\u0131k neredeyse ABD&#8217;de \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme ile e\u015f anlaml\u0131d\u0131r).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00c7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme alan\u0131nda en h\u0131zl\u0131 geli\u015fen bile\u015fenlerden biri, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlara y\u00f6nelik lisans\u00fcst\u00fc programlard\u0131r. Bug\u00fcne kadar \u0130\u015fletme alan\u0131nda y\u00fcksek lisans derecesi ve \u00f6\u011fretmen e\u011fitimi d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda, devlet \u00fcniversiteleri en k\u00f6t\u00fc h\u00e2liyle kendi kendini finanse edebilen ve hatta kurumlara ek gelir getirebilen bu pazar\u0131n \u00f6nemini anlamakta a\u011f\u0131r kald\u0131. ABD\u2019deki Phoenix \u00dcniversitesi, Laurate \u00dcniversitesi ve Capella \u00dcniversitesi gibi ticari \u00f6zel \u00fcniversiteler ise uzaktan e\u011fitim pazar\u0131na hi\u00e7 beklemeden at\u0131ld\u0131lar.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.3 Uzaktan \u00f6\u011frenenler<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ya da uzaktan \u00f6\u011frenmenin en \u00f6nemli pazarlar\u0131ndan birinin, herhangi bir okula, koleje veya \u00fcniversiteye uzak b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan \u00f6\u011frenciler oldu\u011fu s\u0131kl\u0131kla ifade edilmektedir. Kanada\u2019da durum ger\u00e7ekten b\u00f6yledir. Uzak b\u00f6lgelerde ya\u015fayan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in uzun yolculuklara \u00e7\u0131kmadan ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerde e\u011fitim olana\u011f\u0131na sahip olmalar\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir. <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Ancak, uzak k\u0131rsal alanlar\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011funda yava\u015f uydu ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131 veya \u00e7evirmeli a\u011f \u00fczerinden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck h\u0131zl\u0131 modemlerle yap\u0131lan ba\u011flant\u0131lar nedeniyle internet eri\u015fiminde ba\u011flant\u0131 sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015fanabilir. Uzak kat\u0131l\u0131mc\u0131lar, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in kolay eri\u015fim veya k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olarak uygun yerel destek sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda s\u0131k\u0131nt\u0131 ya\u015fayacaklard\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bununla birlikte \u015funu hat\u0131rlayal\u0131m, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frencilerin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu, \u00fcniversite kamp\u00fcs\u00fcne en fazla bir saat mesafede olan yerlerde ikamet etmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.4 Hayat boyu \u00f6\u011frenenler<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Di\u011fer taraftan, tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i derslerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filer i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a uygun oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyebiliriz. \u0130\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dijital \u00e7a\u011fda, bilgi taban\u0131 giderek geni\u015fliyor, yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z i\u015fler h\u0131zla de\u011fi\u015fiyor; dolay\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6zellikle de \u2018ni\u015f\u2019 bilgi alanlar\u0131nda s\u00fcrekli e\u011fitime g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir gereksinim var. B\u00f6yle bir ya\u015fam boyu \u00f6\u011frenme deneyimi sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme son derece uygun ve etkili bir yol&#8230;<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Hayat boyu \u00f6\u011frenenler de genellikle evli ve \u00e7ocuklu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 esnekli\u011fin de\u011ferini iyi biliyorlar. Bu ki\u015filerin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu daha \u00f6nceden e\u011fitim alm\u0131\u015f, bir \u00f6n lisans veya lisans derecesine sahipler ve bu nedenle de ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olabilmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fini biliyorlar. \u00d6rne\u011fin i\u015fletme e\u011fitimi almak isteyen bir m\u00fchendis veya kendi alan\u0131nda bilgi ve becerilerini g\u00fcncellemek isteyen bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan gibi&#8230; Devam ettikleri ders ya da programla kariyerlerindeki olas\u0131 ilerleme aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rebildikleri i\u00e7in de \u00e7o\u011funlukla son derece g\u00fcd\u00fclenmi\u015f durumdalar. Bu nedenle, liseyi yeni bitirmi\u015f \u00f6\u011frencilerden daha ya\u015fl\u0131 ve teknoloji konusunda daha az yeterli olsalar bile, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i dersler i\u00e7in en ideal \u00f6\u011frenci profilinde yer al\u0131yorlar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli olan derslerin teknik olarak iyi tasarlanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenenlerin derse devam edebilmeleri i\u00e7in \u00e7ok ileri d\u00fczey bilgisayar kullan\u0131m\u0131na gerek olmamas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.5 De\u011fi\u015fen demografiler<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu konuda konu\u015furken ele almam\u0131z gereken di\u011fer bir fakt\u00f6r de, de\u011fi\u015fen demografidir. <span style=\"color: #008000;\">ABD&#8217;de, 2012-2015 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda genel olarak y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim kay\u0131tlar\u0131 y\u00fczde 3 azal\u0131rken, uzaktan e\u011fitim kay\u0131tlar\u0131 ayn\u0131 d\u00f6nemde y\u00fczde 4 oran\u0131nda artm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Allen ve Seaman, 2017 ).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Okul \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndaki n\u00fcfusun azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerde, ya\u015fam boyu \u00f6\u011frenme pazar\u0131na a\u00e7\u0131lmak \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 belli bir seviyede tutmak a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gerekli olabilir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla uzaktan e\u011fitim\/\u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenimdeki b\u00fcy\u00fcme oran\u0131 <span style=\"color: #008000;\">muhte\u015fem<\/span> olmasa da baz\u0131 akademik birimlerin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmesi i\u00e7in bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm yolu olarak de\u011ferlendirilebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">10.3.1.6 Yeni i\u015f modelleri<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bununla birlikte bu t\u00fcr hayat boyu \u00f6\u011frenme programlar\u0131n\u0131n istenildi\u011fi gibi i\u015flemesi i\u00e7in kurumlar\u0131n birtak\u0131m d\u00fczenlemeler yapmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6zellikle de \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131n\u0131 bu tarafa y\u00f6neltecek te\u015fvik veya \u00f6d\u00fcller olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, bu t\u00fcr programlar\u0131n en iyi \u015fekilde nas\u0131l verilece\u011fine dair stratejik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclmelidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin British Columbia \u00dcniversitesi, son derece ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan ve kendi kendini finanse eden tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i y\u00fcksek lisans programlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmi\u015ftir. \u00d6\u011frenciler sa\u011fl\u0131k alan\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar i\u00e7in tasarlanm\u0131\u015f Rehabilitasyon Y\u00fcksek Lisans Program\u0131na ba\u015fvurmadan \u00f6nce ayn\u0131 alandaki Sertifika Program\u0131\u2019ndan bir veya iki ders alarak kendilerini deneyebilmektedir. Tam zamanl\u0131 bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar sertifika program\u0131n\u0131 iki y\u0131ldan az bir s\u00fcrede bitirebilmekte, y\u00fcksek lisans program\u0131 i\u00e7in y\u0131ll\u0131k \u00f6deme yapmak yerine yaln\u0131zca ald\u0131klar\u0131 ders i\u00e7in \u00fccret \u00f6deyebilmektedir. British Columbia \u00dcniversitesi ve Meksika\u2019daki Tec de Monterrey aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan protokol anla\u015fmas\u0131yla, program British Columbia \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nde \u0130ngilizce, Tec de Monterrey\u2019de \u0130spanyolca olarak verilmektedir. Bu ortakl\u0131k, Tec de Monterrey\u2019in \u00e7ok ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olan E\u011fitim Teknolojisi Y\u00fcksek Lisans program\u0131n\u0131n da ba\u015flamas\u0131na yol a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, k\u0131sa s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde Tec de Monterrey\u2019in lisans\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6\u011frencilerinin say\u0131s\u0131 British Columbia \u00dcniversitesi E\u011fitim Fak\u00fcltesinin <span style=\"color: #008000;\">lisans\u00fcst\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n iki kat\u0131na \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r ve program a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015f\u0131ndan bug\u00fcne kadar 20 y\u0131ld\u0131r devam etmektedir<\/span>. B\u00f6l\u00fcm 11.5.2\u2019de mod\u00fcler programlar\u0131n geli\u015ftirilmesinden bahsederken bu \u00f6rneklerin \u00f6nemini daha iyi anlayaca\u011f\u0131z.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00c7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme, kurumlar\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131rma deneyim ve uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na sahip oldu\u011fu ancak tam te\u015fkilatl\u0131 bir y\u00fcksek lisans program\u0131 ba\u015flatmak i\u00e7in yeterli \u00f6\u011frenci olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda da e\u015fsiz bir f\u0131rsat sunmaktad\u0131r. Program\u0131 \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortama ta\u015f\u0131yarak (ek olarak benzer bir konuda uzmanl\u0131\u011fa sahip olan farkl\u0131 bir b\u00f6lgedeki veya ildeki ba\u015fka bir \u00fcniversiteyle ortakl\u0131k kurarak), \u00fclkenin farkl\u0131 b\u00f6lgelerinden ve hatta di\u011fer \u00fclkelerden \u00f6\u011frencileri programa \u00e7ekmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olabilecektir. B\u00f6ylelikle, ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar daha da yayg\u0131nla\u015fm\u0131\u015f olacak ve yeni ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan bilgi alanlar\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan profesyonel kadrolar geni\u015fleyecektir. Bu, i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z dijital \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00f6nemli hedeflerinden biridir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">10.3.2 Harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011frenciler<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan, \u2018pazar\u2019\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme pazar\u0131na nazaran daha bulan\u0131k oldu\u011funu g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz. Harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenmenin \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in avantaj\u0131 yine esneklik, ancak \u00f6\u011frencilerin s\u0131n\u0131fta yap\u0131lan dersler i\u00e7in yine okula gelmesi gerekiyor. Temel avantaj\u0131 en az\u0131ndan haftada 15 saatten fazla bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015farak \u00f6\u011frenim kredilerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in ki bu toplam \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 50\u2019sinden fazla (Marshall 2010) \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck bir avantaj sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, do\u011fru \u00f6\u011fretim stratejileri kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, \u00f6\u011frencilerin ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6\u011frenme becerilerinin a\u015famal\u0131 olarak geli\u015fimine de \u00f6nemli bir katk\u0131s\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6\u011frenme becerilerinin \u00f6\u011frenciler okulda veya kamp\u00fcsteyken geli\u015ftirilmesi gerekti\u011fini \u00f6ne s\u00fcrmektedir. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme bi\u00e7imindeki \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme, \u00f6\u011frencilere a\u015famal\u0131 olarak ve stratejik bir \u015fekilde tan\u0131t\u0131lmal\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenciler program boyunca ilerledik\u00e7e \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i k\u0131sm\u0131n a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 art\u0131r\u0131lmal\u0131 ve sonunda mezun olduklar\u0131nda ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z olarak \u00f6\u011frenmeye devam edebilmelidirler -ki ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z \u00f6\u011frenme becerisi i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fumuz dijital \u00e7a\u011fda kilit bir beceridir. Ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olabilmesi ve \u00f6\u011frencilerin ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmas\u0131 i\u00e7in dersler \u00f6zenli ve dikkatli bir \u015fekilde tasarlanmam\u0131\u015f ve \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6\u011frenci deste\u011fi verilmemi\u015fse \u00fcniversite ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i bir \u00f6\u011frenim sunmak iyi bir fikir de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frencilere, \u00f6zellikle yar\u0131 zamanl\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6\u011frencilere daha fazla esneklik sa\u011flaman\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenimin akademik avantajlar\u0131 daha iyi anla\u015f\u0131l\u0131mal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar bir sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lacakt\u0131r. <span style=\"color: #008000;\">Bu noktada Kanada&#8217;da her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn, pek \u00e7ok kurumun hem \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i hem de y\u00fcz y\u00fcze \u00f6\u011frenimin avantajlar\u0131ndan yararlanmak i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011fretmenleri taraf\u0131ndan harmanlanm\u0131\u015f veya karma e\u011fitime ge\u00e7irildiklerine tan\u0131k olmaktay\u0131z (Donovan vd., 2018)<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">10.3.3 Y\u00fcz y\u00fcze \u00f6\u011frenenler<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Liseden mezun olup \u00fcniversiteye gelen bir\u00e7ok \u00f6\u011frenci, kamp\u00fcste e\u011fitim alman\u0131n onlara getirece\u011fi sosyal, sportif ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel olanaklar\u0131 d\u00f6rt g\u00f6zle bekliyor olacakt\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda, \u00f6zg\u00fcven sorunu olan veya kendi kendine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma deneyimi olmayan \u00f6\u011frenciler de nispeten `ki\u015fisel\u2019 olarak eri\u015fim ve ileti\u015fim sa\u011flayabilecekleri y\u00fcz y\u00fcze \u00f6\u011fretimi tercih edeceklerdir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Ancak \u00f6zellikle e\u011fer \u00f6\u011frenciler ilk y\u0131l ve ilk programlar\u0131nda g\u00f6reli olarak \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131yla \u00e7ok az konu\u015fabildikleri \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131flarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015f\u0131rlarsa, birinci s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6\u011frencisi erkek ve kad\u0131nlarda y\u00fcz y\u00fcze e\u011fitime olan tercihin akademik nedenleri \u00e7ok daha az belirgindir. Bu bak\u0131mdan, genellikle daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131flara ve e\u011fitmenlerle y\u00fcz y\u00fcze daha fazla temasa sahip olan daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck, b\u00f6lgesel kurumlar\u0131n belirli avantajlar\u0131 vard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, b\u00fcy\u00fck s\u0131n\u0131flarda \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i derslerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra harmanlanm\u0131\u015f dersler ya da ters y\u00fcz edilmi\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme kullan\u0131lmakta iken daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gruplar bir e\u011fitmen ya da \u00f6\u011fretim g\u00f6revlileri ile y\u00fcz y\u00fcze e\u011fitim yapmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130lerleyen k\u0131s\u0131mlarda, harmanlanm\u0131\u015f ve tamamen \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmenin t\u00fcm kamp\u00fcs deneyimi \u00fczerinde tekrar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmemiz i\u00e7in bize bir f\u0131rsat sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.Kamp\u00fcste e\u011fitim alan \u00f6\u011frencilere, \u00fcniversitenin ilk y\u0131llar\u0131nda daha iyi bir destek sa\u011flanmaktad\u0131r. Daha da \u00f6nemlisi, \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i olarak daha fazla \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00fcniversiteler kamp\u00fcse gelmenin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc pedagojik avantajlar\u0131n\u0131n neler oldu\u011fu hakk\u0131nda daha fazla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnecek ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015facakt\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frencilerin her sabah erkenden otob\u00fcslere binip okula gelmesinin de\u011feri ancak b\u00f6ylelikle ortaya \u00e7\u0131kacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">10.3.4 \u00d6\u011frencilerinizi tan\u0131y\u0131n<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130\u015fte bu nedenlerle, \u00f6\u011fretim yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00f6\u011frencileri tan\u0131man\u0131z son derece \u00f6nemlidir. Baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in \u00f6nce y\u00fcz y\u00fcze derslere kaydolup daha sonra a\u015fina olduklar\u0131 bir s\u0131n\u0131f ortam\u0131nda yava\u015f yava\u015f \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmeyle tan\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmalar\u0131 daha iyi olacakt\u0131r. Di\u011fer baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenciler ise yaln\u0131zca \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i olan dersleri almaya uygun olacaklard\u0131r. Kamp\u00fcste e\u011fitim almak isteyen ancak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fcresince belirli bir d\u00fczeyde esnekli\u011fe de gereksinim duyan \u00f6\u011frenciler i\u00e7in y\u00fcz y\u00fcze ve \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmenin harmanlanmas\u0131 da m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. Derslerinizi ve programlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i platformlara ta\u015f\u0131mak daha geni\u015f bir pazara ula\u015fman\u0131z\u0131 (\u00f6zellikle de \u00f6\u011frenci say\u0131s\u0131 d\u00fc\u015fen programlar i\u00e7in) veya tam zamanl\u0131 bir i\u015fte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ki\u015filere e\u011fitime eri\u015fim f\u0131rsat\u0131 vermenizi sa\u011flayabilir. Sizin \u00f6\u011frencileriniz kim? Onlar i\u00e7in hangi ders t\u00fcr\u00fc daha uygun olabilir?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Hangi ders verme t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn se\u00e7ilece\u011fi karar\u0131ndaki en g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn, bir ders veya programa kay\u0131t yapt\u0131rabilecek \u00f6\u011frenci pazar\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131 oldu\u011funu g\u00f6rece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"color: #538135;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Allen, I. and Seaman, J. (2017) Digital Learning Compass: Distance Education Enrollment Report 2017 Babson Survey Research Group\/eLiterate\/WCET<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Dabbagh, N. (2007) The online learner: characteristics and pedagogical implications <em class=\"western\"><i>Contemporary Issues in Technology and Teacher Education<\/i><\/em>, Vol. 7, No.3<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"color: #538135;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Donovan, T. et al. (2018) Tracking Online and Distance Education in Canadian Universities and Colleges: 2018 Halifax NS: Canadian Digital Learning Research Association<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Marshall, K. (2010) Employment patterns of post-secondary students Perspectives on Labour and Income Ottawa ON: Statistics Canada, September<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"western\">Etkinlik 10.3 \u00d6\u011frencilerinizi tan\u0131y\u0131n<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">1. Bir dersinizi se\u00e7in. Dersinizi alan \u00f6\u011frencilerin temel demografik \u00f6zelliklerini biliyor musunuz: ya\u015f, cinsiyet, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma durumu, medeni h\u00e2li, dil becerileri? E\u011fer bilmiyorsan\u0131z, bu bilgilere nas\u0131l ula\u015fabilirsiniz?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">2. Bu bilgiye sahip olmak \u00f6\u011fretim \u015feklinizi de\u011fi\u015ftirir miydi?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">3. Y\u00fcz y\u00fcze verdi\u011finiz dersler \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i olsayd\u0131, dersinizi almak isteyen ba\u015fka \u00f6\u011frenci gruplar\u0131 da olur muydu?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu etkinlik hakk\u0131nda geri bildirim yok.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":3,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-254","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":247,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/254","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/254\/revisions"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/247"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/254\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=254"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=254"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=254"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=254"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}