{"id":292,"date":"2020-09-03T15:37:16","date_gmt":"2020-09-03T12:37:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/chapter\/__unknown__-124\/"},"modified":"2020-09-03T15:37:16","modified_gmt":"2020-09-03T12:37:16","slug":"__unknown__-124","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/chapter\/__unknown__-124\/","title":{"raw":"12.6 D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ad\u0131m: mevcut kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131n","rendered":"12.6 D\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc ad\u0131m: mevcut kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131n"},"content":{"raw":"\n<p class=\"para2\"><img class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0156.jpg\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0156.jpg\"><\/p>\n<span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 12.6.1 Benzetimi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6rselin \u00fczerine t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z\nG\u00f6rsel: (C) Colorado-Boulder \u00dcniversitesi<\/i><\/span><\/span>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Mevcut kaynaklar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi, kitab\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu yerinde, \u00f6zellikle de B\u00f6l\u00fcm 8 ve B\u00f6l\u00fcm 11`de vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">12.6.1 \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi \u00e7evrim i\u00e7ine ta\u015f\u0131mak<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011fretmenler ve \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in zaman y\u00f6netimi ya\u015famsal \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131fta kullan\u0131lan materyalleri \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortamda da \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak bi\u00e7ime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok zaman harcanabilir. B\u00f6yle bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc de hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r derecede art\u0131racakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, seslendirilmemi\u015f bir PowerPoint sunumu ya i\u00e7eri\u011fin can al\u0131c\u0131 yerlerinin ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olur ya da i\u00e7erikte vurgulanmas\u0131 gereken yerleri veya ufak n\u00fcanslar\u0131 kapsayamaz. Bu sorun iki \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir: ders anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kay\u0131t alt\u0131na almak veya sunumun seslendirilmesini ileri bir tarihe ertelemek zorunda kalmak. Ders notlar\u0131n\u0131 pdf belgeleri h\u00e2line d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcp, \u00f6\u011frenme y\u00f6netim sistemine y\u00fcklemek de zaman al\u0131c\u0131 bir i\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte hem zaman y\u00f6netimi hem de pedagojik nedenlerden dolay\u0131 \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i materyal geli\u015ftirmenin en iyi y\u00f6ntemi bu de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">1. Ad\u0131mda \u00f6\u011fretimi yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyi \u00f6nerdim. Ders anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kaydedip videolar\u0131 veya PowerPoint slaytlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortama aktarman\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fil \u00f6\u011frencilerin daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenmesine izin verecek t\u00fcrde materyaller geli\u015ftirmenizi... \u015eimdi 4. ad\u0131mda mevcut kaynaklar\u0131 kullanman\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek \u00e7eli\u015fkiye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor olabilirim. Ancak burada \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir fark var: \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na aktar\u0131m\u0131 uygun olmayan mevcut materyalleri (50 dakikal\u0131k ders videolar\u0131 gibi) kullanmak ile \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f veya bu ortamlarda \u00f6\u011frenmeye uygun materyaller kullanmak.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">12.6.2 Mevcut \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i i\u00e7eri\u011fi kullanmak<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130nternet ve \u00f6zellikle de WWW (World Wide Web \/ D\u00fcnya \u00c7ap\u0131nda A\u011f) \u00fczerinde inan\u0131lmaz miktarda bir i\u00e7erik var. Bununla ilgili olarak B\u00f6l\u00fcm 11\u2018de detayl\u0131 olarak konu\u015fmu\u015ftuk. Bu i\u00e7eri\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, e\u011fitim ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in \u00fccretsiz olarak eri\u015fime a\u00e7\u0131k durumdad\u0131r. Eser sahibine at\u0131fta bulunulmas\u0131 gibi birtak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 kayd\u0131yla, bu i\u00e7eri\u011fi kullanmak olanakl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131, genellikle sayfan\u0131n en alt\u0131ndaki Creative Commons lisanslar\u0131yla ifade edilmektedir. Bu t\u00fcr mevcut i\u00e7eriklerin kalite ve \u00e7e\u015fitlilik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6receksiniz. MIT, Stanford, Princeton ve Yale gibi \u00fcst d\u00fczey \u00fcniversiteler baz\u0131 y\u00fcz y\u00fcze derslerin video kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131larla payla\u015f\u0131rken, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin A\u00e7\u0131k \u00dcniversitesi gibi uzaktan e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011fretim materyallerini \u00fccretsiz olarak eri\u015filebilir h\u00e2le getirmi\u015flerdir. Bu i\u00e7eriklerin bir\u00e7o\u011funa a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ba\u011flant\u0131lardan eri\u015fmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k Ders Malzemeleri, (MIT)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">iTunesU<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">OpenLearn (A\u00e7\u0131k \u00dcniversite)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k E\u011fitim Konsorsiyumu<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\">1<\/a><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"> (The Open Education Consortium ) (FeTEM dersleri)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k \u00d6\u011frenme \u0130nisiyatifi<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote2sym\" name=\"sdfootnote2anc\">2<\/a><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"> (Open Learning Initiative ) (Carnegie Mellon)<\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">MERLOT<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bununla birlikte a\u00e7\u0131k ders malzemesi sunan bir\u00e7ok prestijli \u00fcniversitenin i\u00e7erik sayfalar\u0131na eri\u015fmek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. (\"A\u00e7\u0131k E\u011fitim Kaynaklar\u0131\" veya \"AKE\" kullanan bir Google aramas\u0131 bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu tan\u0131mlar.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Prestijli \u00fcniversiteler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, i\u00e7eri\u011fin kalitesinden emin olabilirsiniz; nitekim, i\u00e7erik okullar\u0131n kamp\u00fcsteki kay\u0131tl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilerine sundu\u011fu i\u00e7erikle ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu materyallerin \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131 veya \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmeye uygunluk anlam\u0131nda kalite eksikli\u011fi olabilir. Bu konuyla ilgili detayl\u0131 bir tart\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in bkz. Keith Hampson\u2019\u0131n (2015); veya A\u00e7\u0131k E\u011fitim Kaynaklar\u0131: \u0130yi, K\u00f6t\u00fc ve \u00c7irkin). \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin A\u00e7\u0131k \u00dcniversitesi ya da Carnegie Mellon\u2019un A\u00e7\u0131k \u00d6\u011frenme \u0130nisiyatifi gibi kurumlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131, genellikle kaliteli i\u00e7erik ve iyi bir \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir araya geldi\u011fi kaynaklard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k e\u011fitim kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikle de\u011ferli oldu\u011fu nokta, etkile\u015fimli benzetimler, animasyonlar veya bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin tek ba\u015f\u0131na geli\u015ftirmesi g\u00fc\u00e7 veya pahal\u0131 olan videolar bi\u00e7iminde kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Biyoloji ve fizik gibi fen bilimleri alanlar\u0131nda \u00f6rnek benzetim...a PhET<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote3sym\" name=\"sdfootnote3anc\">3<\/a><\/sup> `den, matematik alan\u0131ndaki benzetim...a ise Khan Academy<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote4sym\" name=\"sdfootnote4anc\">4<\/a><\/sup>`den ula\u015fabilirsiniz. Ancak bu siteler haricinde de bir\u00e7ok kaynak bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k kaynaklar \u2018e\u011fitsel\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlansa da internette \u00f6\u011fretim ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lamayacak miktarda \u2018ham\u2019 i\u00e7erik vard\u0131r. . As\u0131l soru, \u00f6\u011fretmen veya \u00f6\u011fretim eleman\u0131 olarak sizin b\u00f6yle bir materyali kendinizin bulmas\u0131na m\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z oldu\u011fu yoksa bilgiyi aramak, bulmak, se\u00e7mek, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemek, de\u011ferlendirmek ve kullanmak i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frencilerinizi mi i\u015fe ko\u015fman\u0131z gerekti\u011fidir. Sonu\u00e7ta, bunlar dijital \u00e7a\u011fda \u00f6\u011frencilerin sahip olmas\u0131 gereken anahtar beceriler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130lk, orta ve y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00fczeyinde i\u00e7eri\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu e\u015fsiz veya orijinal de\u011fildir. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman, devlerin omuzlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde duruyoruz; yani bilginin d\u00fczenlenmesi ve y\u00f6netimi h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda ke\u015ffedilmi\u015f durumda. Hen\u00fcz yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015f \u00f6zg\u00fcn ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu veya i\u00e7erikte kendinize \u00f6zg\u00fc birtak\u0131m farklar yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zamanlar haricinde, \u2018i\u00e7eri\u011fi\u2019 ger\u00e7ekten s\u0131f\u0131rdan olu\u015fturmaya gerek var m\u0131? Yine de, tam olarak istedi\u011finiz materyali (\u00f6\u011frencilerinize en uygun olacak bi\u00e7imde) bulman\u0131z bug\u00fcn h\u00e2len daha g\u00fc\u00e7 olabilir. B\u00f6yle bir durumda, kendi materyalinizi geli\u015ftirmeniz gerekecektir. Bu s\u00fcreci, 7. Ad\u0131m\u2019da detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tart\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. Bununla birlikte bir dersi mevcut materyallerin \u00fczerine yap\u0131land\u0131rmak bir\u00e7ok ortamda akla makul gelmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">12.6.3 Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130\u00e7erik geli\u015ftimeye veya \u00f6\u011frenmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaya odaklanmay\u0131 se\u00e7ebilirsiniz. Zaman ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e, derslerinize ait i\u00e7eri\u011fin daha fazlas\u0131na internet \u00fczerindeki kaynaklardan ula\u015fman\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r. Bu, \u00f6\u011frencilerinizin neyi bilmesi gerekti\u011fine ve o bilgiyi nas\u0131l bulacaklar\u0131, nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirecekleri ve nas\u0131l uygulayacaklar\u0131 \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fabilmeniz i\u00e7in bir \u015fanst\u0131r. Bu beceriler, \u00f6\u011frencilerin i\u00e7eri\u011fi ezberlemenin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7erek bir dersten edinebilecekleri becerilerdir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla derslerimiz i\u00e7i \u00f6zg\u00fcn i\u00e7erik yaratmak kadar \u00f6\u011frenci etkinliklerine ve \u00f6\u011frencilerin ne yapmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u00fczerine de odaklanmak \u00f6nemlidir. Bu konu, 6, 7 ve 8. ad\u0131mlarda daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Sonu\u00e7 olarak bir dersi vermeye ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce atmam\u0131z gereken kritik ad\u0131mlardan biri de, etraf\u0131m\u0131za bak\u0131p elimizde hangi kaynaklar\u0131n bulundu\u011funu ve mevcut bu kaynaklar\u0131n vermeyi planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ders veya program i\u00e7inde nas\u0131l kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6rmek olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Hampson, K. (2015) Masterclass &amp; MOOCs: Notes on the Role of Production Value in Online Learning <em class=\"western\"><i>The Synapse<\/i><\/em>, July 31<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"western\">Etkinlik 12.6 Mevcut kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131n<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">1. \u00d6\u011fretim s\u00fcrecinde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7erik ne kadar \u00f6zg\u00fcn? \u00d6\u011frencileriniz mevcut i\u00e7eriklerden de ayn\u0131 derecede iyi \u00f6\u011frenebilir mi? E\u011fer \u00f6\u011frenemeyeceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z mevcut i\u00e7eri\u011fe \u2018ekstra\u2019 ne ekliyorsunuz? Kendi ders tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131za yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z katk\u0131n\u0131n katma de\u011feri nedir?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">2. \u00d6\u011fretmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz i\u00e7eri\u011fe internet \u00fczerinden ula\u015fmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc? Neler olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in internete bakt\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131? \u0130nternette mevcut kaynaklar\u0131n e\u011fitim ama\u00e7l\u0131 yeniden kullan\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar var m\u0131?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">3. Meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortamda (ya da s\u0131n\u0131fta) dijital \u00f6\u011fretim ile ilgili neler yap\u0131yor? Materyal geli\u015ftirmek ve\/veya materyal payla\u015fmak amac\u0131yla meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir misiniz?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Dersinizin \u015fu anda \u00e7ok \u2018y\u00fckl\u00fc\u2019 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z sorunun kayna\u011f\u0131 belki de bu sorulara verece\u011finiz cevaplarda gizlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu etkinlik i\u00e7in herhangi bir geri bildirim yok.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<hr>\n\n<div id=\"sdfootnote1\">\n\n<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1<\/a> Orj. The Open Education Consortium\n\n<\/div>\n<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote2anc\" name=\"sdfootnote2sym\">2<\/a> Orj. Open Learning Initiative\n\n<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote3anc\" name=\"sdfootnote3sym\">3<\/a> \u00c7.N.: PhET k\u0131salmas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u201cPhysics Education Technology\u201d (Fizik E\u011fitim Teknolojisi) olmakla birlikte sonras\u0131nda PhET fizik d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki disiplinlere de geni\u015flemi\u015ftir.\n<div id=\"sdfootnote4\">\n\n<a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote4anc\" name=\"sdfootnote4sym\">4<\/a> \u00c7:N.: Khan Academy, e\u011fitim sistemini de\u011fi\u015ftirip geli\u015ftirmeyi, \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirmeyi ve herkese ula\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefleyen; k\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen bir kurulu\u015ftur.\n\n<\/div>\n","rendered":"<p class=\"para2\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0156.jpg\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0156.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 12.6.1 Benzetimi \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in g\u00f6rselin \u00fczerine t\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z<br \/>\nG\u00f6rsel: (C) Colorado-Boulder \u00dcniversitesi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Mevcut kaynaklar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemi, kitab\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu yerinde, \u00f6zellikle de B\u00f6l\u00fcm 8 ve B\u00f6l\u00fcm 11`de vurgulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">12.6.1 \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fi \u00e7evrim i\u00e7ine ta\u015f\u0131mak<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u00d6\u011fretmenler ve \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in zaman y\u00f6netimi ya\u015famsal \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. S\u0131n\u0131fta kullan\u0131lan materyalleri \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortamda da \u00e7al\u0131\u015facak bi\u00e7ime d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek i\u00e7in \u00e7ok zaman harcanabilir. B\u00f6yle bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fc de hat\u0131r\u0131 say\u0131l\u0131r derecede art\u0131racakt\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, seslendirilmemi\u015f bir PowerPoint sunumu ya i\u00e7eri\u011fin can al\u0131c\u0131 yerlerinin ka\u00e7\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na neden olur ya da i\u00e7erikte vurgulanmas\u0131 gereken yerleri veya ufak n\u00fcanslar\u0131 kapsayamaz. Bu sorun iki \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir: ders anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kay\u0131t alt\u0131na almak veya sunumun seslendirilmesini ileri bir tarihe ertelemek zorunda kalmak. Ders notlar\u0131n\u0131 pdf belgeleri h\u00e2line d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcp, \u00f6\u011frenme y\u00f6netim sistemine y\u00fcklemek de zaman al\u0131c\u0131 bir i\u015ftir. Bununla birlikte hem zaman y\u00f6netimi hem de pedagojik nedenlerden dolay\u0131 \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i materyal geli\u015ftirmenin en iyi y\u00f6ntemi bu de\u011fildir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">1. Ad\u0131mda \u00f6\u011fretimi yeniden d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeyi \u00f6nerdim. Ders anlat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kaydedip videolar\u0131 veya PowerPoint slaytlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortama aktarman\u0131z\u0131 de\u011fil \u00f6\u011frencilerin daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenmesine izin verecek t\u00fcrde materyaller geli\u015ftirmenizi&#8230; \u015eimdi 4. ad\u0131mda mevcut kaynaklar\u0131 kullanman\u0131z\u0131 s\u00f6yleyerek \u00e7eli\u015fkiye d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcyor olabilirim. Ancak burada \u00e7ok \u00f6nemli bir fark var: \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na aktar\u0131m\u0131 uygun olmayan mevcut materyalleri (50 dakikal\u0131k ders videolar\u0131 gibi) kullanmak ile \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6zel olarak geli\u015ftirilmi\u015f veya bu ortamlarda \u00f6\u011frenmeye uygun materyaller kullanmak.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">12.6.2 Mevcut \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i i\u00e7eri\u011fi kullanmak<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130nternet ve \u00f6zellikle de WWW (World Wide Web \/ D\u00fcnya \u00c7ap\u0131nda A\u011f) \u00fczerinde inan\u0131lmaz miktarda bir i\u00e7erik var. Bununla ilgili olarak B\u00f6l\u00fcm 11\u2018de detayl\u0131 olarak konu\u015fmu\u015ftuk. Bu i\u00e7eri\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131, e\u011fitim ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131m i\u00e7in \u00fccretsiz olarak eri\u015fime a\u00e7\u0131k durumdad\u0131r. Eser sahibine at\u0131fta bulunulmas\u0131 gibi birtak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 kayd\u0131yla, bu i\u00e7eri\u011fi kullanmak olanakl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr kullan\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131, genellikle sayfan\u0131n en alt\u0131ndaki Creative Commons lisanslar\u0131yla ifade edilmektedir. Bu t\u00fcr mevcut i\u00e7eriklerin kalite ve \u00e7e\u015fitlilik bak\u0131m\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde de\u011fi\u015fti\u011fini g\u00f6receksiniz. MIT, Stanford, Princeton ve Yale gibi \u00fcst d\u00fczey \u00fcniversiteler baz\u0131 y\u00fcz y\u00fcze derslerin video kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131c\u0131larla payla\u015f\u0131rken, \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin A\u00e7\u0131k \u00dcniversitesi gibi uzaktan e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131 t\u00fcm \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011fretim materyallerini \u00fccretsiz olarak eri\u015filebilir h\u00e2le getirmi\u015flerdir. Bu i\u00e7eriklerin bir\u00e7o\u011funa a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ba\u011flant\u0131lardan eri\u015fmek m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k Ders Malzemeleri, (MIT)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">iTunesU<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">OpenLearn (A\u00e7\u0131k \u00dcniversite)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k E\u011fitim Konsorsiyumu<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\" id=\"sdfootnote1anc\">1<\/a><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"> (The Open Education Consortium ) (FeTEM dersleri)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k \u00d6\u011frenme \u0130nisiyatifi<\/span><sup><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote2sym\" name=\"sdfootnote2anc\" id=\"sdfootnote2anc\">2<\/a><\/span><\/sup><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"> (Open Learning Initiative ) (Carnegie Mellon)<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">MERLOT<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bununla birlikte a\u00e7\u0131k ders malzemesi sunan bir\u00e7ok prestijli \u00fcniversitenin i\u00e7erik sayfalar\u0131na eri\u015fmek de m\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr. (&#8220;A\u00e7\u0131k E\u011fitim Kaynaklar\u0131&#8221; veya &#8220;AKE&#8221; kullanan bir Google aramas\u0131 bunlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011funu tan\u0131mlar.)<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Prestijli \u00fcniversiteler s\u00f6z konusu oldu\u011funda, i\u00e7eri\u011fin kalitesinden emin olabilirsiniz; nitekim, i\u00e7erik okullar\u0131n kamp\u00fcsteki kay\u0131tl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frencilerine sundu\u011fu i\u00e7erikle ayn\u0131d\u0131r. Ancak bu materyallerin \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131 veya \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenmeye uygunluk anlam\u0131nda kalite eksikli\u011fi olabilir. Bu konuyla ilgili detayl\u0131 bir tart\u0131\u015fma i\u00e7in bkz. Keith Hampson\u2019\u0131n (2015); veya A\u00e7\u0131k E\u011fitim Kaynaklar\u0131: \u0130yi, K\u00f6t\u00fc ve \u00c7irkin). \u0130ngiltere\u2019nin A\u00e7\u0131k \u00dcniversitesi ya da Carnegie Mellon\u2019un A\u00e7\u0131k \u00d6\u011frenme \u0130nisiyatifi gibi kurumlar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131, genellikle kaliteli i\u00e7erik ve iyi bir \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n bir araya geldi\u011fi kaynaklard\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k e\u011fitim kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zellikle de\u011ferli oldu\u011fu nokta, etkile\u015fimli benzetimler, animasyonlar veya bir \u00f6\u011fretmenin tek ba\u015f\u0131na geli\u015ftirmesi g\u00fc\u00e7 veya pahal\u0131 olan videolar bi\u00e7iminde kullan\u0131m\u0131d\u0131r. Biyoloji ve fizik gibi fen bilimleri alanlar\u0131nda \u00f6rnek benzetim&#8230;a PhET<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote3sym\" name=\"sdfootnote3anc\" id=\"sdfootnote3anc\">3<\/a><\/sup> `den, matematik alan\u0131ndaki benzetim&#8230;a ise Khan Academy<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote4sym\" name=\"sdfootnote4anc\" id=\"sdfootnote4anc\">4<\/a><\/sup>`den ula\u015fabilirsiniz. Ancak bu siteler haricinde de bir\u00e7ok kaynak bulunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">A\u00e7\u0131k kaynaklar \u2018e\u011fitsel\u2019 olarak tan\u0131mlansa da internette \u00f6\u011fretim ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lamayacak miktarda \u2018ham\u2019 i\u00e7erik vard\u0131r. . As\u0131l soru, \u00f6\u011fretmen veya \u00f6\u011fretim eleman\u0131 olarak sizin b\u00f6yle bir materyali kendinizin bulmas\u0131na m\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z oldu\u011fu yoksa bilgiyi aramak, bulmak, se\u00e7mek, \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmlemek, de\u011ferlendirmek ve kullanmak i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frencilerinizi mi i\u015fe ko\u015fman\u0131z gerekti\u011fidir. Sonu\u00e7ta, bunlar dijital \u00e7a\u011fda \u00f6\u011frencilerin sahip olmas\u0131 gereken anahtar beceriler aras\u0131nda yer almaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130lk, orta ve y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretim d\u00fczeyinde i\u00e7eri\u011fin b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00e7o\u011funlu\u011fu e\u015fsiz veya orijinal de\u011fildir. \u00c7o\u011fu zaman, devlerin omuzlar\u0131 \u00fczerinde duruyoruz; yani bilginin d\u00fczenlenmesi ve y\u00f6netimi h\u00e2lihaz\u0131rda ke\u015ffedilmi\u015f durumda. Hen\u00fcz yay\u0131nlanmam\u0131\u015f \u00f6zg\u00fcn ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n oldu\u011fu veya i\u00e7erikte kendinize \u00f6zg\u00fc birtak\u0131m farklar yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z zamanlar haricinde, \u2018i\u00e7eri\u011fi\u2019 ger\u00e7ekten s\u0131f\u0131rdan olu\u015fturmaya gerek var m\u0131? Yine de, tam olarak istedi\u011finiz materyali (\u00f6\u011frencilerinize en uygun olacak bi\u00e7imde) bulman\u0131z bug\u00fcn h\u00e2len daha g\u00fc\u00e7 olabilir. B\u00f6yle bir durumda, kendi materyalinizi geli\u015ftirmeniz gerekecektir. Bu s\u00fcreci, 7. Ad\u0131m\u2019da detayl\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tart\u0131\u015faca\u011f\u0131z. Bununla birlikte bir dersi mevcut materyallerin \u00fczerine yap\u0131land\u0131rmak bir\u00e7ok ortamda akla makul gelmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">12.6.3 Sonu\u00e7<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">\u0130\u00e7erik geli\u015ftimeye veya \u00f6\u011frenmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmaya odaklanmay\u0131 se\u00e7ebilirsiniz. Zaman ge\u00e7tik\u00e7e, derslerinize ait i\u00e7eri\u011fin daha fazlas\u0131na internet \u00fczerindeki kaynaklardan ula\u015fman\u0131z m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olacakt\u0131r. Bu, \u00f6\u011frencilerinizin neyi bilmesi gerekti\u011fine ve o bilgiyi nas\u0131l bulacaklar\u0131, nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirecekleri ve nas\u0131l uygulayacaklar\u0131 \u00fczerine yo\u011funla\u015fabilmeniz i\u00e7in bir \u015fanst\u0131r. Bu beceriler, \u00f6\u011frencilerin i\u00e7eri\u011fi ezberlemenin \u00f6tesine ge\u00e7erek bir dersten edinebilecekleri becerilerdir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla derslerimiz i\u00e7i \u00f6zg\u00fcn i\u00e7erik yaratmak kadar \u00f6\u011frenci etkinliklerine ve \u00f6\u011frencilerin ne yapmalar\u0131 gerekti\u011fi \u00fczerine de odaklanmak \u00f6nemlidir. Bu konu, 6, 7 ve 8. ad\u0131mlarda daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Sonu\u00e7 olarak bir dersi vermeye ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce atmam\u0131z gereken kritik ad\u0131mlardan biri de, etraf\u0131m\u0131za bak\u0131p elimizde hangi kaynaklar\u0131n bulundu\u011funu ve mevcut bu kaynaklar\u0131n vermeyi planlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ders veya program i\u00e7inde nas\u0131l kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6rmek olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h2>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Hampson, K. (2015) Masterclass &amp; MOOCs: Notes on the Role of Production Value in Online Learning <em class=\"western\"><i>The Synapse<\/i><\/em>, July 31<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"western\">Etkinlik 12.6 Mevcut kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131n<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">1. \u00d6\u011fretim s\u00fcrecinde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7erik ne kadar \u00f6zg\u00fcn? \u00d6\u011frencileriniz mevcut i\u00e7eriklerden de ayn\u0131 derecede iyi \u00f6\u011frenebilir mi? E\u011fer \u00f6\u011frenemeyeceklerini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z mevcut i\u00e7eri\u011fe \u2018ekstra\u2019 ne ekliyorsunuz? Kendi ders tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131za yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z katk\u0131n\u0131n katma de\u011feri nedir?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">2. \u00d6\u011fretmeyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz i\u00e7eri\u011fe internet \u00fczerinden ula\u015fmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fc? Neler olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in internete bakt\u0131n\u0131z m\u0131? \u0130nternette mevcut kaynaklar\u0131n e\u011fitim ama\u00e7l\u0131 yeniden kullan\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin k\u0131s\u0131tlamalar var m\u0131?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">3. Meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i ortamda (ya da s\u0131n\u0131fta) dijital \u00f6\u011fretim ile ilgili neler yap\u0131yor? Materyal geli\u015ftirmek ve\/veya materyal payla\u015fmak amac\u0131yla meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla birlikte \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir misiniz?<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Dersinizin \u015fu anda \u00e7ok \u2018y\u00fckl\u00fc\u2019 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorsan\u0131z sorunun kayna\u011f\u0131 belki de bu sorulara verece\u011finiz cevaplarda gizlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\">Bu etkinlik i\u00e7in herhangi bir geri bildirim yok.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<hr \/>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote1\">\n<p><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\" id=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1<\/a> Orj. The Open Education Consortium<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote2anc\" name=\"sdfootnote2sym\" id=\"sdfootnote2sym\">2<\/a> Orj. Open Learning Initiative<\/p>\n<p><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote3anc\" name=\"sdfootnote3sym\" id=\"sdfootnote3sym\">3<\/a> \u00c7.N.: PhET k\u0131salmas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u201cPhysics Education Technology\u201d (Fizik E\u011fitim Teknolojisi) olmakla birlikte sonras\u0131nda PhET fizik d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki disiplinlere de geni\u015flemi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote4\">\n<p><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote4anc\" name=\"sdfootnote4sym\" id=\"sdfootnote4sym\">4<\/a> \u00c7:N.: Khan Academy, e\u011fitim sistemini de\u011fi\u015ftirip geli\u015ftirmeyi, \u00f6zg\u00fcrle\u015ftirmeyi ve herkese ula\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 hedefleyen; k\u00e2r amac\u0131 g\u00fctmeyen bir kurulu\u015ftur.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":6,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-292","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":280,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/292","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/292\/revisions"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/280"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/292\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=292"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=292"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=292"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=292"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}