{"id":41,"date":"2020-09-03T15:34:42","date_gmt":"2020-09-03T12:34:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/chapter\/__unknown__-3\/"},"modified":"2020-09-03T15:34:42","modified_gmt":"2020-09-03T12:34:42","slug":"__unknown__-3","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/chapter\/__unknown__-3\/","title":{"raw":"1.4 De\u011fi\u015fim ve s\u00fcreklilik","rendered":"1.4 De\u011fi\u015fim ve s\u00fcreklilik"},"content":{"raw":"\n<p class=\"para2\"><img class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0009.jpg\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0009.jpg\"><\/p>\n<span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 1.4.1 Harvard \u00dcniversitesi<\/i><\/span><\/span>\n<blockquote><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><em class=\"western\">S\u00fcrekli ba\u011flant\u0131da oldu\u011fumuz sosyal medya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, duvarlar\u0131 yosun tutmu\u015f bin y\u0131ll\u0131k yekpare yap\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir de\u011fi\u015fimden ge\u00e7erek daha hafif, daha saydam ve daha ak\u0131\u015fkan bir h\u00e2le d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin zaman\u0131 gelmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/blockquote>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Anya Kamenetz, 2010<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Bu kitap \u00fcniversitelerde g\u00f6rev yapan e\u011fitmenler i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu kadar ilk ve orta\u00f6\u011fretim kademesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6\u011fretmenlere de y\u00f6nelik olarak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen dijital \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00f6zellikle \u00fcniversiteler \u00fczerindeki etkisini vurgulamak istiyorum. Prestijli \u00fcniversitelerin -en se\u00e7kin b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden mezun olan ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda bile-, \u00fcniversitelerin d\u00fcnyada olup bitenlerden <\/span><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">habersiz<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"tr-TR\"> oldu\u011fu, akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca profes\u00f6rlerin kariyerlerini rahat koltuklar\u0131nda hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmeden devam ettirmelerine yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve akademinin bir kurum olarak orta \u00e7a\u011fda kalmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine y\u00f6nelik yayg\u0131n bir inan\u0131\u015f s\u00f6z konusudur. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, \u00fcniversiteler tarih\u00ee eserlerdir ve yenileriyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeleri gerekir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Bununla birlikte \u00fcniversitelerin 800 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerinin ve gelecekte de var olmaya devam edeceklerinin sa\u011flam sebepleri vard\u0131r. \u00dcniversiteler, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan gelecek bask\u0131lara direnmek \u00fczere \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca say\u0131s\u0131z kral, papa, h\u00fck\u00fbmet ve \u015firket gelip ge\u00e7mi\u015f, bu d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerin hi\u00e7biri kurumun tabiat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnde de\u011fi\u015ftirmemi\u015ftir. \u00dcniversiteler ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131yla, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fckleriyle ve topluma yapt\u0131klar\u0131 katk\u0131larla gurur duymaktad\u0131rlar. \u00d6ncelikle, bu temel de\u011ferlere \u00e7ok k\u0131saca bakmakla i\u015fe ba\u015flayal\u0131m; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu temel de\u011ferleri tehdit eden herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla kurumda g\u00f6rev yapan akademisyenler ve e\u011fitmenler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir diren\u00e7le kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">\u00dcniversiteler temelde, bilginin yarat\u0131lmas\u0131, de\u011ferlendirilmesi, korunmas\u0131 ve yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ilgili kurumlard\u0131r. \u00dcniversitelerin toplumdaki bu rol\u00fc bug\u00fcn belki de ge\u00e7mi\u015fte oldu\u011fundan \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemlidir. \u00dcniversitelerin bu rol\u00fc lay\u0131k\u0131yla yerine getirebilmeleri i\u00e7in birtak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131n var olmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6ncelikle \u00fcniversitelerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6zerk olmalar\u0131 gerekir. Yeni bilginin sahip oldu\u011fu potansiyel de\u011feri \u00f6nceden tahmin edebilmek son derece g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. K\u0131sa vadede elle tutulur, g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr bir faydas\u0131 olmayan veya hi\u00e7bir sonuca ula\u015fmayacak, herhangi bir ticari ya da sosyal kayba yol a\u00e7mayacak yenilik\u00e7i ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik eden \u00fcniversiteler, toplumun gelecek \u00fczerine bir nevi kumar oynayabilmesi i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli bir yol sa\u011flar. \u00dcniversitelerin di\u011fer bir kritik rol\u00fc de bilimsel kan\u0131tlarla, etik ilkelerle veya toplumun refah\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011finde, h\u00fck\u00fbmet veya sanayi gibi \u00fcniversitenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc akt\u00f6rlerin fikirlerini ya da varsay\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 sorgulayabilme yetene\u011fidir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Belki daha da \u00f6nemlisi, ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve mant\u0131k kurallar\u0131, deneysel bulgular veya d\u0131\u015fsal ge\u00e7erlik, soyut ve somut aras\u0131nda hareket edebilme gibi akademik bilgiyi g\u00fcndelik bilgiden ay\u0131ran belli ilkeler vard\u0131r (\u00f6rne\u011fin, bk <\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>Laurillard, 2011<\/i><\/span><\/u><\/span><span lang=\"tr-TR\">). \u0130\u015fte bu nedenle, \u00fcniversitelerimizin bizim gibi normal bireylerin veya kurumlar\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fant\u0131m\u0131zda yapabilece\u011fimizden daha y\u00fcksek bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel d\u00fczeyde faaliyet g\u00f6stermelerini bekleriz.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">\u00dcniversitelerin ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerini sa\u011flayan temel de\u011ferlerden biri de akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Uygunsuz sorular soran, stat\u00fckoya meydan okuyan h\u00fck\u00fbmetler veya \u015firketler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalara kar\u015f\u0131 aksi bulgular ortaya koyan akademisyenler, bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini ifade ettikleri i\u00e7in kurum i\u00e7inde herhangi bir ceza almaz veya g\u00f6revden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamazlar. Akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir toplum i\u00e7in en gerekli ko\u015fullardan biridir. Fakat ayn\u0131 zamanda, akademisyenlerin hangi konuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaklar\u0131 veya, bu kitap \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, sahip olduklar\u0131 bilgiyi en etkili \u015fekilde nas\u0131l aktaracaklar\u0131 konusunda da \u00f6zg\u00fcr olduklar\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Kadrolu olmak gibi \u00f6zerkli\u011fi teminat alt\u0131na alan baz\u0131 ko\u015fullar giderek daha fazla bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda olsa da \u00fcniversite e\u011fitimi, bu akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve \u00f6zerklik kavram\u0131na derinden ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Bu konuya temas etmemin sadece ve sadece bir nedeni var. E\u011fer \u00fcniversiteler s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen d\u0131\u015f bask\u0131lara cevap verebilmek i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015feceklerse bu de\u011fi\u015fimin \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn <\/span><em class=\"western\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>tam i\u00e7inden<\/i><\/span><\/em><span lang=\"tr-TR\"> \u00f6zellikle de \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n kendisinden gelmesi gerekir. De\u011fi\u015fim ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcp de\u011fi\u015fimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek isteyenler, \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. De\u011fi\u015fim, \u00fcniversitenin akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck gibi temel de\u011ferlerini hi\u00e7e say\u0131p h\u00fck\u00fbmet veya toplum taraf\u0131ndan zorla dayat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rsa \u00fcniversiteleri toplumun en e\u015fsiz ve de\u011ferli unsurlar\u0131ndan biri yapan \u00f6zellik zarar g\u00f6recek ve \u00fcniversitelerin toplum g\u00f6z\u00fcndeki de\u011feri d\u00fc\u015fecektir. Bu kitap, de\u011fi\u015fimin niye yaln\u0131zca \u00f6\u011frencilere de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda e\u011fitmenlere de i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn etkin y\u00f6netilmesi ve \u00f6\u011fretimi destekleyecek ek kaynaklar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok konuda faydas\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair bir\u00e7ok neden ortaya koyacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">\u0130lk ve orta\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131 ile iki y\u0131ll\u0131k meslek y\u00fcksekokullar\u0131n\u0131n durumu ise daha farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kurumlarda de\u011fi\u015fimi h\u00fck\u00fbmet gibi yukar\u0131dan veya \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7ler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla dayatmak nispeten daha kolayd\u0131r. Yine de, de\u011fi\u015fim y\u00f6netimi \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade edildi\u011fi gibi (\u00f6r., bk., Weiner, 2009), de\u011fi\u015fimin i\u00e7inde yer alan bireyler de\u011fi\u015fime olan ihtiyac\u0131 anlay\u0131p bunu istediklerinde, de\u011fi\u015fim daha tutarl\u0131 ve daha derin bir bi\u00e7imde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir\u00e7ok y\u00f6nden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk ve orta\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131, iki y\u0131ll\u0131k meslek y\u00fcksekokullar\u0131 ve \u00fcniversiteler ayn\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi vermektedir: Kurumun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve duru\u015funu korurken bir yandan da nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015febiliriz?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Etkinlik 1.4 De\u011fi\u015fim ve s\u00fcreklilik<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">1. \u00dcniversitelerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ge\u00e7ersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor musunuz? Dijital \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi bilgi ve becerileri bireylere kazand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fka hangi alternatifler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">2. Bir \u00fcniversitenin temel de\u011ferlerine ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriniz nelerdir? Size g\u00f6re \u00fcniversitelerin temel de\u011ferleri yukar\u0131da bahsedilenlerden ne kadar farkl\u0131?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">3. Size g\u00f6re ilk ve orta\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131, y\u00fcksekokullar ve\/veya \u00fcniversiteler \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeli mi? \u00d6yleyse neden ve ne \u015fekilde? Akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe veya e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer temel de\u011ferlerine m\u00fcdahale etmeden b\u00f6yle bir de\u011fi\u015fim nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">L\u00fctfen unutmay\u0131n; bu sorular\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7birinin do\u011fru veya yanl\u0131\u015f bir cevab\u0131 yok ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn temay\u0131 okumay\u0131 bitirdikten sonra cevaplar\u0131n\u0131za tekrar g\u00f6z atmak isteyebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n&nbsp;\n<h3 class=\"western\">Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Kamenetz, A. (2010) <\/span><em class=\"western\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>DIY U: <\/i><\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.ca\/DIY-Edupunks-Edupreneurs-Transformation-Education\/dp\/1603582347\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>Edupunks, Edupreneurs, and the Coming Transformation of Higher Education<\/i><\/span><\/a><\/u><\/span><i> <\/i><span lang=\"tr-TR\">White River Junction VT: Chelsea Green<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Laurillard, D. (2001) <\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Rethinking-University-Teaching-Routledge-2001\/dp\/B00DHO14WY\/ref=sr_1_fkmr0_2?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1402428736&amp;sr=1-2-fkmr0&amp;keywords=Laurillard%2C+D.+(2001)+Rethinking+University+Teaching%3A+A+Conversational+Framework+for+the+Effective+Use+of+Learning+Technologies\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>Rethinking University Teaching: A Conversational Framework for the Effective Use of Learning Technologies<\/i><\/span><\/a><\/u><\/span><span lang=\"tr-TR\"> New York\/London: Routledge<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Weiner, B. (2009) A theory of organizational readiness for change <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.implementationscience.com\/content\/4\/1\/67\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><span lang=\"tr-TR\">I<\/span><\/u><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>mplementation Science<\/i><\/span><\/u><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"tr-TR\">, Vol. 4, No. 67<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","rendered":"<p class=\"para2\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"frame0\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/3\/2020\/09\/image0009.jpg\" alt=\"OEBPS\/images\/image0009.jpg\" \/><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 1.4.1 Harvard \u00dcniversitesi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<blockquote><p><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><em class=\"western\">S\u00fcrekli ba\u011flant\u0131da oldu\u011fumuz sosyal medya \u00e7a\u011f\u0131nda, duvarlar\u0131 yosun tutmu\u015f bin y\u0131ll\u0131k yekpare yap\u0131lar\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fck bir de\u011fi\u015fimden ge\u00e7erek daha hafif, daha saydam ve daha ak\u0131\u015fkan bir h\u00e2le d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesinin zaman\u0131 gelmi\u015ftir.<\/em><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p><\/blockquote>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\" style=\"text-align: right;\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Anya Kamenetz, 2010<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Bu kitap \u00fcniversitelerde g\u00f6rev yapan e\u011fitmenler i\u00e7in oldu\u011fu kadar ilk ve orta\u00f6\u011fretim kademesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan \u00f6\u011fretmenlere de y\u00f6nelik olarak haz\u0131rlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Buna ra\u011fmen dijital \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n \u00f6zellikle \u00fcniversiteler \u00fczerindeki etkisini vurgulamak istiyorum. Prestijli \u00fcniversitelerin -en se\u00e7kin b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerinden mezun olan ki\u015filer aras\u0131nda bile-, \u00fcniversitelerin d\u00fcnyada olup bitenlerden <\/span><span style=\"color: #888888;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">habersiz<\/span><\/span><span lang=\"tr-TR\"> oldu\u011fu, akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn yaln\u0131zca profes\u00f6rlerin kariyerlerini rahat koltuklar\u0131nda hi\u00e7 de\u011fi\u015fmeden devam ettirmelerine yarad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve akademinin bir kurum olarak orta \u00e7a\u011fda kalmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fine y\u00f6nelik yayg\u0131n bir inan\u0131\u015f s\u00f6z konusudur. Di\u011fer bir deyi\u015fle, \u00fcniversiteler tarih\u00ee eserlerdir ve yenileriyle de\u011fi\u015ftirilmeleri gerekir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Bununla birlikte \u00fcniversitelerin 800 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n bir s\u00fcredir varl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerinin ve gelecekte de var olmaya devam edeceklerinin sa\u011flam sebepleri vard\u0131r. \u00dcniversiteler, d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan gelecek bask\u0131lara direnmek \u00fczere \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. Y\u00fczy\u0131llar boyunca say\u0131s\u0131z kral, papa, h\u00fck\u00fbmet ve \u015firket gelip ge\u00e7mi\u015f, bu d\u0131\u015f g\u00fc\u00e7lerin hi\u00e7biri kurumun tabiat\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6z\u00fcnde de\u011fi\u015ftirmemi\u015ftir. \u00dcniversiteler ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131klar\u0131yla, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fckleriyle ve topluma yapt\u0131klar\u0131 katk\u0131larla gurur duymaktad\u0131rlar. \u00d6ncelikle, bu temel de\u011ferlere \u00e7ok k\u0131saca bakmakla i\u015fe ba\u015flayal\u0131m; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc bu temel de\u011ferleri tehdit eden herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik, \u00e7ok b\u00fcy\u00fck olas\u0131l\u0131kla kurumda g\u00f6rev yapan akademisyenler ve e\u011fitmenler taraf\u0131ndan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir diren\u00e7le kar\u015f\u0131la\u015facakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">\u00dcniversiteler temelde, bilginin yarat\u0131lmas\u0131, de\u011ferlendirilmesi, korunmas\u0131 ve yay\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ilgili kurumlard\u0131r. \u00dcniversitelerin toplumdaki bu rol\u00fc bug\u00fcn belki de ge\u00e7mi\u015fte oldu\u011fundan \u00e7ok daha \u00f6nemlidir. \u00dcniversitelerin bu rol\u00fc lay\u0131k\u0131yla yerine getirebilmeleri i\u00e7in birtak\u0131m ko\u015fullar\u0131n var olmas\u0131 gerekir. \u00d6ncelikle \u00fcniversitelerin \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6zerk olmalar\u0131 gerekir. Yeni bilginin sahip oldu\u011fu potansiyel de\u011feri \u00f6nceden tahmin edebilmek son derece g\u00fc\u00e7t\u00fcr. K\u0131sa vadede elle tutulur, g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcr bir faydas\u0131 olmayan veya hi\u00e7bir sonuca ula\u015fmayacak, herhangi bir ticari ya da sosyal kayba yol a\u00e7mayacak yenilik\u00e7i ara\u015ft\u0131rma ve geli\u015ftirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik eden \u00fcniversiteler, toplumun gelecek \u00fczerine bir nevi kumar oynayabilmesi i\u00e7in g\u00fcvenli bir yol sa\u011flar. \u00dcniversitelerin di\u011fer bir kritik rol\u00fc de bilimsel kan\u0131tlarla, etik ilkelerle veya toplumun refah\u0131yla \u00e7eli\u015fti\u011finde, h\u00fck\u00fbmet veya sanayi gibi \u00fcniversitenin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc akt\u00f6rlerin fikirlerini ya da varsay\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 sorgulayabilme yetene\u011fidir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Belki daha da \u00f6nemlisi, ak\u0131l y\u00fcr\u00fctme ve mant\u0131k kurallar\u0131, deneysel bulgular veya d\u0131\u015fsal ge\u00e7erlik, soyut ve somut aras\u0131nda hareket edebilme gibi akademik bilgiyi g\u00fcndelik bilgiden ay\u0131ran belli ilkeler vard\u0131r (\u00f6rne\u011fin, bk <\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>Laurillard, 2011<\/i><\/span><\/u><\/span><span lang=\"tr-TR\">). \u0130\u015fte bu nedenle, \u00fcniversitelerimizin bizim gibi normal bireylerin veya kurumlar\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fant\u0131m\u0131zda yapabilece\u011fimizden daha y\u00fcksek bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel d\u00fczeyde faaliyet g\u00f6stermelerini bekleriz.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">\u00dcniversitelerin ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrmelerini sa\u011flayan temel de\u011ferlerden biri de akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fckt\u00fcr. Uygunsuz sorular soran, stat\u00fckoya meydan okuyan h\u00fck\u00fbmetler veya \u015firketler taraf\u0131ndan yap\u0131lan a\u00e7\u0131klamalara kar\u015f\u0131 aksi bulgular ortaya koyan akademisyenler, bu g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015flerini ifade ettikleri i\u00e7in kurum i\u00e7inde herhangi bir ceza almaz veya g\u00f6revden uzakla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lamazlar. Akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir toplum i\u00e7in en gerekli ko\u015fullardan biridir. Fakat ayn\u0131 zamanda, akademisyenlerin hangi konuda \u00e7al\u0131\u015facaklar\u0131 veya, bu kitap \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde, sahip olduklar\u0131 bilgiyi en etkili \u015fekilde nas\u0131l aktaracaklar\u0131 konusunda da \u00f6zg\u00fcr olduklar\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelir. Kadrolu olmak gibi \u00f6zerkli\u011fi teminat alt\u0131na alan baz\u0131 ko\u015fullar giderek daha fazla bask\u0131 alt\u0131nda olsa da \u00fcniversite e\u011fitimi, bu akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck ve \u00f6zerklik kavram\u0131na derinden ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Bu konuya temas etmemin sadece ve sadece bir nedeni var. E\u011fer \u00fcniversiteler s\u00fcrekli de\u011fi\u015fen d\u0131\u015f bask\u0131lara cevap verebilmek i\u00e7in de\u011fi\u015feceklerse bu de\u011fi\u015fimin \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn <\/span><em class=\"western\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>tam i\u00e7inden<\/i><\/span><\/em><span lang=\"tr-TR\"> \u00f6zellikle de \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n kendisinden gelmesi gerekir. De\u011fi\u015fim ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcp de\u011fi\u015fimi ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek isteyenler, \u00f6\u011fretim elemanlar\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. De\u011fi\u015fim, \u00fcniversitenin akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck gibi temel de\u011ferlerini hi\u00e7e say\u0131p h\u00fck\u00fbmet veya toplum taraf\u0131ndan zorla dayat\u0131lmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131l\u0131rsa \u00fcniversiteleri toplumun en e\u015fsiz ve de\u011ferli unsurlar\u0131ndan biri yapan \u00f6zellik zarar g\u00f6recek ve \u00fcniversitelerin toplum g\u00f6z\u00fcndeki de\u011feri d\u00fc\u015fecektir. Bu kitap, de\u011fi\u015fimin niye yaln\u0131zca \u00f6\u011frencilere de\u011fil ayn\u0131 zamanda e\u011fitmenlere de i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fcn\u00fcn etkin y\u00f6netilmesi ve \u00f6\u011fretimi destekleyecek ek kaynaklar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi bir\u00e7ok konuda faydas\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair bir\u00e7ok neden ortaya koyacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">\u0130lk ve orta\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131 ile iki y\u0131ll\u0131k meslek y\u00fcksekokullar\u0131n\u0131n durumu ise daha farkl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu kurumlarda de\u011fi\u015fimi h\u00fck\u00fbmet gibi yukar\u0131dan veya \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki g\u00fc\u00e7ler arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla dayatmak nispeten daha kolayd\u0131r. Yine de, de\u011fi\u015fim y\u00f6netimi \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda da a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade edildi\u011fi gibi (\u00f6r., bk., Weiner, 2009), de\u011fi\u015fimin i\u00e7inde yer alan bireyler de\u011fi\u015fime olan ihtiyac\u0131 anlay\u0131p bunu istediklerinde, de\u011fi\u015fim daha tutarl\u0131 ve daha derin bir bi\u00e7imde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmektedir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bir\u00e7ok y\u00f6nden bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda ilk ve orta\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131, iki y\u0131ll\u0131k meslek y\u00fcksekokullar\u0131 ve \u00fcniversiteler ayn\u0131 m\u00fccadeleyi vermektedir: Kurumun b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve duru\u015funu korurken bir yandan da nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015febiliriz?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--exercises\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Etkinlik 1.4 De\u011fi\u015fim ve s\u00fcreklilik<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">1. \u00dcniversitelerin g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz ko\u015fullar\u0131nda ge\u00e7ersiz kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyor musunuz? Dijital \u00e7a\u011f\u0131n gerektirdi\u011fi bilgi ve becerileri bireylere kazand\u0131rmak i\u00e7in ba\u015fka hangi alternatifler d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">2. Bir \u00fcniversitenin temel de\u011ferlerine ili\u015fkin g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleriniz nelerdir? Size g\u00f6re \u00fcniversitelerin temel de\u011ferleri yukar\u0131da bahsedilenlerden ne kadar farkl\u0131?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">3. Size g\u00f6re ilk ve orta\u00f6\u011fretim kurumlar\u0131, y\u00fcksekokullar ve\/veya \u00fcniversiteler \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemlerini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeli mi? \u00d6yleyse neden ve ne \u015fekilde? Akademik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe veya e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer temel de\u011ferlerine m\u00fcdahale etmeden b\u00f6yle bir de\u011fi\u015fim nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">L\u00fctfen unutmay\u0131n; bu sorular\u0131n\u0131n hi\u00e7birinin do\u011fru veya yanl\u0131\u015f bir cevab\u0131 yok ancak b\u00fct\u00fcn temay\u0131 okumay\u0131 bitirdikten sonra cevaplar\u0131n\u0131za tekrar g\u00f6z atmak isteyebilirsiniz.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">Kaynak\u00e7a<\/h3>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Kamenetz, A. (2010) <\/span><em class=\"western\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>DIY U: <\/i><\/span><\/em><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><a href=\"https:\/\/www.amazon.ca\/DIY-Edupunks-Edupreneurs-Transformation-Education\/dp\/1603582347\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>Edupunks, Edupreneurs, and the Coming Transformation of Higher Education<\/i><\/span><\/a><\/u><\/span><i> <\/i><span lang=\"tr-TR\">White River Junction VT: Chelsea Green<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Laurillard, D. (2001) <\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><a href=\"http:\/\/www.amazon.co.uk\/Rethinking-University-Teaching-Routledge-2001\/dp\/B00DHO14WY\/ref=sr_1_fkmr0_2?s=books&amp;ie=UTF8&amp;qid=1402428736&amp;sr=1-2-fkmr0&amp;keywords=Laurillard%2C+D.+(2001)+Rethinking+University+Teaching%3A+A+Conversational+Framework+for+the+Effective+Use+of+Learning+Technologies\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>Rethinking University Teaching: A Conversational Framework for the Effective Use of Learning Technologies<\/i><\/span><\/a><\/u><\/span><span lang=\"tr-TR\"> New York\/London: Routledge<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p lang=\"en-CA\"><span style=\"font-family: Book Antiqua, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span lang=\"tr-TR\">Weiner, B. (2009) A theory of organizational readiness for change <\/span><a href=\"http:\/\/www.implementationscience.com\/content\/4\/1\/67\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><span lang=\"tr-TR\">I<\/span><\/u><\/span><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><u><span lang=\"tr-TR\"><i>mplementation Science<\/i><\/span><\/u><\/span><\/a><span lang=\"tr-TR\">, Vol. 4, No. 67<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":4,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-41","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":30,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/41","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/41\/revisions"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/30"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/41\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=41"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=41"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=41"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/dijital\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=41"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}