{"id":76,"date":"2020-09-03T16:39:14","date_gmt":"2020-09-03T13:39:14","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/chapter\/bolum-22-video-kullanan-ogrenenlerin-analizi\/"},"modified":"2020-09-03T16:39:14","modified_gmt":"2020-09-03T13:39:14","slug":"bolum-22-video-kullanan-ogrenenlerin-analizi","status":"publish","type":"chapter","link":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/chapter\/bolum-22-video-kullanan-ogrenenlerin-analizi\/","title":{"raw":"B\u00f6l\u00fcm 22 Video Kullanan \u00d6\u011frenenlerin Analizi","rendered":"B\u00f6l\u00fcm 22 Video Kullanan \u00d6\u011frenenlerin Analizi"},"content":{"raw":"\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Negin Mirriahi<sup>1<\/sup>, Lorenzo Vigentini<sup>2<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><sup>1<\/sup>E\u011fitim ve \u00d6\u011fretim Okulu \u0130novasyon Birimi, G\u00fcney Avustralya \u00dcniversitesi, Avustralya<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><sup>2 <\/sup>E\u011fitim ve PVC Okulu (E\u011fitim Porfolyosu), New South Wales \u00dcniversitesi, Avustralya<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">DOI: 10.18608\/hla17.022<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">\u00d6Z<\/h2>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Videolar, \u00f6zellikle harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenmeye, tersy\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131flara ve kitlesel a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i derslere (KA\u00c7D) olan ilginin artmas\u0131yla birlikte bir\u00e7ok pedagojik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n temel bir bile\u015feni haline gelmi\u015ftir. E\u011fitim ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli video t\u00fcrleri olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ders videolar\u0131 en yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lanlard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, video ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 teknolojilerindeki son geli\u015fmelerle, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla etkile\u015fime girerek nas\u0131l \u00f6\u011frendiklerini daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in videolara eri\u015firken b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 dijital ayak izleri i\u015flenebilir ve analiz edilebilir. \u00d6\u011frencilerin videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak amac\u0131yla bu verilerin toplanmas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve analizi video analiti\u011fi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. M\u00fclakatlar veya anketler gibi daha geleneksel veri toplama y\u00f6ntemleri, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla nas\u0131l ve ni\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frendiklerine dair b\u00fct\u00fcnsel bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in performans verileriyle birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde, video analiti\u011fi ders tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretim uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 bilgilendirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131na entegre edilen videolara genel bir bak\u0131\u015f ile \u00e7oklu medya \u00f6\u011frenimine bir giri\u015f yapmakla birlikte, \u00f6\u011frenenin video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, videolarla etkile\u015fimi ve videolarla \u00f6\u011frenmesini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in veri madencili\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmakta ve ileriye y\u00f6nelik \u00f6neriler sunmaktay\u0131z.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Black, sans-serif;\">Anahtar Kelimeler<\/span>: Video, analitik, \u00f6\u011frenme, e\u011fitim, \u00e7oklu ortam<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00c7evrimi\u00e7i ve harmanlanm\u0131\u015f e\u011fitim, kitlesel a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i dersler (KA\u00c7D) ve ters y\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na olan ilgi art\u0131\u015f\u0131 video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n istikrarl\u0131 bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. \u00c7ok fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00f6zellikle psikolojik y\u00f6nlere, e\u011fitim de\u011ferine ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 deneyimine odaklanarak, teknolojideki geli\u015fmeler ve analitiklerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131nda nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda nas\u0131l kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetme ve b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirme f\u0131rsat\u0131 da sunmaktad\u0131r; videolar\u0131n benimsenmesi, \u00f6\u011frenenin ilgi ve kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na veya \u00f6\u011frenmesine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur (Giannakos, Chorianopoulos ve Chrisochoides, 2014). E\u011fitimciler ama\u00e7lad\u0131klar\u0131 hedefleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in videolar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde kurslar\u0131na d\u00e2hil etmeyi se\u00e7iyorlar. Bu durum sadece y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretimde, s\u00fcrekli mesleki geli\u015fimde ve K-12 sekt\u00f6rlerinde de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r ve resm\u00ee hizmeti\u00e7i e\u011fitimlerde de ya\u015fan\u0131yor (Ritzhaupt, Pastore ve Davis, 2015). Bu nedenle, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131na nas\u0131l entegre edilece\u011fine dair gelecekteki de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri veya geli\u015fmeleri y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve videolarla nas\u0131l etkile\u015fime ge\u00e7ti\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek veya ara\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu kez onlarca y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine uzanan \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131m\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131n nas\u0131l b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirildi\u011fini ke\u015ffetmeden veya \u00f6\u011frenenlerin bunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran y\u00f6ntemleri belirlemeden \u00f6nce, \u00f6\u011frenimi \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00f6nceki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 dikkate almak \u00f6nemlidir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de \u00e7oklu ortam \u00f6\u011frenimi ve \u00e7oklu ortam ile \u00f6\u011frenmeyi de\u011ferlendirmenin stratejilerinin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ba\u015flar. Bunu, video t\u00fcrleri, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131na b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilmesinin \u00e7e\u015fitli yollar\u0131 ile videolarla etkile\u015fim, \u00f6\u011frenme ve video kullan\u0131m\u0131nda uygulanabilecek veri madencili\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren metodolojik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler izler. Son k\u0131s\u0131m, b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6zetlemekte ve daha ileri ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar i\u00e7in y\u00f6nergeler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">\u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR<\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"western\"><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"western\">\u00c7oklu Ortam ve \u0130nteraktif E\u011fitim Yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 ile \u00d6\u011frenme Hakk\u0131nda Ne Biliyoruz?<\/h2>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\"\u0130nsanlar, salt yaz\u0131lar yerine, yaz\u0131 ve resimlerin bir arada kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler\", Mayer'in (2009) \u00f6\u011frenmeye y\u00f6nelik pop\u00fcler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen kilit ifadedir. Videolar bir bi\u00e7imidir ve bu nedenle bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm \u00f6\u011frenmenin etkilili\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131ran \u00e7ok say\u0131da ara\u015ft\u0131rmadan yararlanacakt\u0131r. E\u011fitimde bilgisayarlar\u0131n ve \u00f6\u011fretim teknolojilerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131ndan bu yana, etkile\u015fimli ders materyallerinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi, psikoloji ve e\u011fitim ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce e\u011filimlerini ve de\u011fi\u015fimlerin takip edilmesi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015fama\/ bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri ile tan\u0131mlanabilir:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ol>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Black, sans-serif;\">Davran\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131<\/span>: materyalin seri olarak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, program \/ da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m kontrol\u00fcne ve Skinner'\u0131n (1950) radikal davran\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Gagne'nin (1965) \u00f6\u011frenme ko\u015fullar\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenmi\u015f kriterler do\u011frultusunda d\u00fczenli inceleme ve testlere odaklanarak, bilgi ve \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri hakk\u0131nda nesnelci bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sunma.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Black, sans-serif;\">Bili\u015fsel<\/span>: bilgi i\u015flemeye ve \u00f6\u011frenenin, \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin ve \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine dikkat ederek etkili \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ve \u00f6\u011fretmeyi etkileyen fakt\u00f6rlere odaklanma (Keller, 1967; McKeachie, 1974).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Black, sans-serif;\">Yap\u0131land\u0131rmac\u0131<\/span>: Bilginin bir araya getirilmesinde sosyal ve bireysel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin birbirine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na odaklanan bilgi olu\u015fturma (Palincsar, 1998).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu s\u0131k\u00e7a yerle\u015fik bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda temel sorun, \u00f6\u011fretimin \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ne kadar etkiledi\u011finin (\u00f6zellikle Lee ve Anderson, 2013) ve \u00f6zellikle de \u00fc\u00e7 perspektiften t\u00fcretilen e\u011fitici ve yap\u0131land\u0131rmac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n aktif \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ne kadar kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Davran\u0131\u015fc\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00f6\u011frenme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir talimatlar seti ve belirli bir \u00f6\u011frenme dizilimi ile verimli bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir (Kirschner, Sweller ve Clark, 2006; Lee ve Anderson, 2013) ancak verim ve etkililik aras\u0131nda bir de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f olabilir (Atkins, 1993). Bunun yerine, bili\u015fsel y\u00f6nelimin temel zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmeyi desteklemek i\u00e7in uygun \u00fcst bili\u015fsel \u00e7er\u00e7evelerin ifade edilmesi veya sa\u011flanmas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yap\u0131land\u0131rmac\u0131 ve ba\u011flant\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme modelleri, do\u011falar\u0131 gere\u011fi \u00f6\u011frenci merkezlidir ve en uygun \u00f6\u011frenme yolunu belirleme amac\u0131yla \u00f6\u011fretim materyalinde gezinmek i\u00e7in bir \u00f6z-y\u00f6nlendirme ve y\u00f6netim d\u00fczeyini vurgularlar. Kabul edilen felsefi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u201ceksik g\u00f6r\u00fcnen \u015fey, yeni teknolojilerin sundu\u011fu tasar\u0131m f\u0131rsatlar\u0131na uygun \u00f6\u011frenme modelleridir\u201d (Atkins, 1993, s. 252) ve buna videolar ve \u00e7oklu ortam da d\u00e2hildir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar ve \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, Gagne'nin (1965) \u00f6\u011fretim durumlar\u0131 modelini ve \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131m t\u00fcrleri s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6receli olarak benimsenmesinde ve kullan\u0131mda sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131klardan dolay\u0131 konforlu bulmaktad\u0131rlar (Reeves, 1986). Dahas\u0131, tam \u00f6\u011frenme kavram\u0131 (Bloom, 1968), etkilili\u011fini destekleyen \u00e7ok say\u0131da ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ilgi oda\u011f\u0131 oldu (Guskey ve Good, 2009; Kulik, Kulik ve Bangert \u2013 Drowns, 1990) ve Keller'in be\u015f ana \u00f6gesiyle (1967) \u015eekil 22.1'de belirtildi\u011fi gibi Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00d6\u011fretim Sistemi (K\u00d6S), \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenme bilimlerini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde etkiledi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Mayer (2009), son k\u0131rk y\u0131lda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00e7oklu ortam \u00f6\u011frenimiyle ilgili bilgi zenginli\u011fini, \u015eekil 22.2'de belirtildi\u011fi gibi, 12 ilkenin form\u00fclasyonunda \u00f6zetlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu ilkeler, insanlar\u0131n ile \u00f6\u011frenmeye yollar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak psikolojiden, \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131ndan ve \u00f6\u011frenme bilimlerinden elde edilen kan\u0131tlara dayanarak i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fc sa\u011flar. Bir e\u011fitimcinin videolar\u0131 e\u011fitimlerine d\u00e2hil ederken, olumlu ve olumsuz tasar\u0131m \u00f6zelliklerinin ve \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki bilinen etkilerinin fark\u0131nda olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, \"Videolara Y\u00f6nelik Veri Madencili\u011fi Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131\" b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanan, g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gereken bir ba\u015fka husus, kat\u0131l\u0131m konusu ve \u00f6\u011frenmenin kat\u0131l\u0131m \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleriyle nas\u0131l ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fudur. Mayer ve meslekta\u015flar\u0131, ortam\u0131n belirli \u00f6zelliklerinin \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki etkilerini g\u00f6stermelerine ra\u011fmen laboratuvar ortam\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ek hayata ge\u00e7erken, bir \u00f6\u011frenenin ortamla etkile\u015fime girme derecesi \u00f6nemli bir husustur. Bu sadece ortam\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerinden de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6\u011frenmeyi de\u011ferlendirme bi\u00e7imine ba\u011fl\u0131 olan videolarla vakit ge\u00e7irme (ha\u015f\u0131r ne\u015fir olma, etkile\u015fimde bulunma) s\u00fcresi ve \u00f6\u011frenme aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin net bir \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini olduk\u00e7a zorla\u015ft\u0131ran, \u00f6\u011frenmeyle ilgili bireysel tercihler ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlardan da kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Keller\u2019in (1967) K\u00d6S\u2019nin (Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00d6\u011fretim Sistemi) unsurlar\u0131.<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ul>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>Kendi h\u0131z\u0131nda gitme \u00f6zelli\u011fi, bir \u00f6\u011frenenin kursta zaman i\u00e7inde kabiliyeti ve di\u011fer taleplerle orant\u0131l\u0131 bir h\u0131zla hareket etmesine izin vermesi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u0130lerleme i\u00e7in \u00fcnite m\u00fckemmelli\u011fi gereklili\u011fi, \u00f6\u011frenenin \u00f6ncekinde ustal\u0131k g\u00f6sterdikten sonra yeni materyale ilerlemesine izin vermesi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>Ders anlat\u0131m\u0131 ve tan\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n ele\u015ftirel bilgi kaynaklar\u0131ndan ziyade motivasyon arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">\u00d6\u011fretmen-\u00f6\u011frenen ileti\u015fiminde yaz\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6ze ili\u015fkin vurgu<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">Tekrarlanan testlere, an\u0131nda puanlamaya, neredeyse ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak \u00f6zel derslere ve e\u011fitim s\u00fcrecinin ki\u015fisel-sosyal y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn belirgin bir \u015fekilde geli\u015ftirilmesine izin veren g\u00f6zetmenlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\"><em><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u015eekil 22.1. Keller\u2019in (1967) K\u00d6S\u2019nin (Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00d6\u011fretim Sistemi) unsurlar\u0131.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><\/p>\n\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\"><header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Mayerin \u00c7oklu Tasar\u0131m \u0130lkesi<\/p>\n\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ul>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Tutarl\u0131l\u0131k \u0130lkesi -<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar, konu d\u0131\u015f\u0131 materyalleri (yabanc\u0131 kelimeler, resimler ve sesler vb.) \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutuldu\u011funda \u00f6\u011frenme daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Dikkat \u00c7ekme \u0130lkesi- <\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">\u0130nsanlar, temel materyalin d\u00fczenlenmesinde (\u00f6nemli s\u00f6zc\u00fck ve resimlere vb.) vurgulay\u0131c\u0131 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 eklendi\u011finde daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Gereksizlik \u0130lkesi -<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar \u00f6\u011frenme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan resimlerin ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc anlat\u0131m\u0131n birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda; resim, s\u00f6zl\u00fc anlat\u0131m ve metnin birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlara g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Konumsal Yak\u0131nl\u0131k \u0130lkesi -<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanalar birbiri ile ili\u015fkili metinlerin ve resimlerin sayfada veya ekran \u00fczerinde birbirlerine yak\u0131n olmas\u0131 durumunda uzakta olmas\u0131na g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Zamansal Yak\u0131nl\u0131k \u0130lkesi -<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar birbirleriyle ili\u015fkili metinlerin ve resimlerin ayn\u0131 anda (e\u015fzamanl\u0131) sunuldu\u011fu ortamlarda, ilgili metin ve resimlerin birbiri ard\u0131 s\u0131ra(ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k) sunuldu\u011fu ortamlara g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Par\u00e7alara B\u00f6lme \u0130lkesi -<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar konunun uygun bi\u00e7imde b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, konunun b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ayr\u0131lmadan verilmesine g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>\u00d6n Al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u0130lkesi -<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar \u00f6\u011frenilecek anahtar kavramlar\u0131 ve bu kavramlar\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini \u00f6nceden bildiklerinde daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Bi\u00e7im \u0130lkesi -<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar resim ve \u00f6yk\u00fclemenin birlikte sunuldu\u011fu ortamlarda; benzetim ve yaz\u0131n\u0131n birlikte sunuldu\u011fu ortamlara g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>\u00c7oklu Ortam \u0130lkesi- <\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">\u0130nsanlar resim ve yaz\u0131n\u0131n birlikte sunuldu\u011fu ortamlarda sadece yaz\u0131dan olu\u015fan \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirme \u0130lkesi - <\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">\u0130nsanlar g\u00fcnl\u00fck dil kullan\u0131lan ortamlarda akademik dil kullan\u0131lan ortamlara g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Ses \u0130lkesi -<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar s\u00f6zl\u00fc anlat\u0131m\u0131n insan sesi ile verilmesi durumunda, makine sesi ile verilmesine g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Resim \u0130lkesi -<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> Konu\u015fmac\u0131n\u0131n ekranda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclendi\u011fi ortamlarda, insanlar\u0131n daha iyi \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p align=\"justify\"><em><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u015eekil 22.2. Mayer\u2019in (2009) \u00e7oklu ortam tasar\u0131m ilkeleri.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">\u00c7oklu Ortam Literat\u00fcrde \u00d6nemli Hususlar<\/h3>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Video tabanl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerine 2003-2013 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan alan yaz\u0131n taramas\u0131 (Yousef, Chatti ve Schroeder, 2014), y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma t\u00fcrlerine yararl\u0131 bir genel bak\u0131\u015f sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015eekil 22.3'te yeniden d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu en son ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6nelimlerini anlamak i\u00e7in iyi bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 <span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\">\u200b\u200b<\/span>noktas\u0131d\u0131r ancak \u00e7o\u011funlukla, son be\u015f y\u0131lda \u00fcretilen ve \u00f6\u011frenme ve e\u011fitimde ve video ile ilgili alt\u0131 ana ak\u0131m\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan Mayer (2009) ile sonu\u00e7lanan ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 yok sayar: 1) alg\u0131 ve dikkat; 2) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bellek ve bellek kapasitesi; 3) bili\u015fsel y\u00fck teorisi; 4) bilgi sunumu ve entegrasyonu; 5) \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme (\u00f6\u011frenme stilleri, yakla\u015f\u0131mlar ve \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemleri d\u00e2hil) ve 6) \u00f6z y\u00f6netimli \u00f6\u011frenme. Bu alanlar, \u00f6\u011frenmeye y\u00f6nelik videolar\u0131n etkilili\u011fini g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in uygun analiti\u011fi (burada hem y\u00f6ntemler hem de metrikler kastedilmektedir) anlamak, tan\u0131mlamak ve se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in gerekli teorik temeli sa\u011flar. \u00d6zellikle, ilk \u00fc\u00e7 alanda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, bir \u00f6\u011frenenin videolarla <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>etkile\u015fime girme<\/i><\/span> ve <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>etkile\u015fimde bulunma<\/i><\/span> \u015feklini belirlemek i\u00e7in gerekli parametreleri sa\u011flar ve ikinci \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc set, videolardan ve videolarla <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>\u00f6\u011frenmenin<\/i><\/span> nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in yararl\u0131 veriler sa\u011flar, hepsi de \u015eekil 22.4'te g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<table style=\"width: 49.9995%; height: 149px;\" width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\"><colgroup> <col width=\"71*\"> <col width=\"71*\"> <col width=\"53*\"> <col width=\"61*\"> <\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 26px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 28%; height: 26px;\" width=\"28%\">\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><b>Etkililik<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28%; height: 26px;\" width=\"28%\">\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><b>\u00d6\u011fretim Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21%; height: 26px;\" width=\"21%\">\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><b>Yans\u0131ma<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.24069%; height: 26px;\" width=\"24%\">\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><b>Tasar\u0131m<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 123px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 28%; height: 123px;\" width=\"28%\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Etkile\u015fim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Memnuniyet<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28%; height: 123px;\" width=\"28%\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0130\u015fbirlikli \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mikro-\u00f6\u011fretim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Video \u00f6zetleme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Karma \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenci merkezli \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21%; height: 123px;\" width=\"21%\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011fretmen<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenen<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.24069%; height: 123px;\" width=\"24%\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Derkenar ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Yazarl\u0131k ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<a name=\"_Toc27652264\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 22.3. Video temelli literat\u00fcre genel bak\u0131\u015f 2003-2013 (Yousef vd., 2014'ten uyarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r).<\/i><\/span><\/span>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Yousef ve meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n taksonomisine (2014) ili\u015fkin olarak, <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>etkililik<\/i><\/span> kavram\u0131 daha geni\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme alan\u0131na uymakta (\u015eekil 22.4) ve tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n merkezinde etkilili\u011fin \u00f6\u011fretime, \u00f6\u011frenene ve ara\u00e7lara (\u00f6zellikle videolar) nas\u0131l uygulanabilece\u011finin de\u011ferlendirilmesi yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00d6\u011fretim ile \u00f6\u011frenen aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan bir ba\u011flant\u0131 vard\u0131r: bu ba\u011flant\u0131, \u015eekil 22.3'te (Yousef vd., 2014) \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemleri ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda belirtildi\u011fi gibi, bir \u00f6\u011fretenin, \u00f6\u011frenenlere cevap verirken \u00f6\u011frenmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak ad\u0131na yapt\u0131klar\u0131yla \u00f6rneklendirilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, bu hem \u00f6\u011fretim ve \u00f6\u011frenen hem de \u00f6\u011fretim ve \u00f6\u011frenme ara\u00e7lar\u0131, yani video aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in \u015eekil 22.4'te geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6\u011fretim ile \u00f6\u011frenen aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimde, \u00f6\u011frenme bi\u00e7im ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6z y\u00f6netimli \u00f6\u011frenme de \u00f6\u011fretim ve \u00f6\u011frenmenin verimini etkiler. \u00d6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemleri, bili\u015fsel y\u00fck ve \u00e7oklu ortam \u00f6\u011frenme teorisinden etkilenir. \u00d6\u011fretim ile kaynaklar, etkinlikler, destek ve de\u011ferlendirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131 gibi \u00f6\u011fretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki do\u011frudan ili\u015fki, -bu \u00f6zel durumda, videolar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131,- Yousef ve meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n (2014) taksonomisinde \u201ctasar\u0131m\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda k\u0131smen var olsa da \u00f6\u011frenciye yap\u0131lan \u00f6nemli at\u0131f, \u00f6zellikle de \u00f6\u011frenciler yaln\u0131zca video t\u00fcketmeyip, ayn\u0131 zamanda videolar\u0131 olu\u015fturuyorsa eksik kalmaktad\u0131r (Juhlin, Zoric, Engstrom ve Reponen, 2014). Son olarak, \u00f6\u011frenme ve video aras\u0131ndaki ikili ili\u015fki, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin alg\u0131, dikkat, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bellek ve kapasitelerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra videolar\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131yla g\u00fcd\u00fclenen tercihlerinden de etkilenir. \u015eekil 22.4 ayr\u0131ca, etkilili\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7erken \u00f6\u011fretim, \u00f6\u011frenen ve video aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in uygulanabilecek baz\u0131 temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">Videolar\u0131n \u00d6\u011frenmedeki Etkilili\u011fini Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya Y\u00f6nelik De\u011ferlendirme Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h3>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00c7oklu ortam ve videolar\u0131n etkilili\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in, deneysel (\u00f6r. laboratuvar) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla birlikte, yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok say\u0131da ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6\u011fretim teknolojisi ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki en son yeniliklerle birlikte mitolojik bir \u201cgeleneksel \u00f6\u011fretimin\u201d kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m<\/i><\/span> (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki Videolara Y\u00f6nelik Veri Madencili\u011fi Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z) veya bir \u201cat yar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d modelini \u00f6nermektedir (Reeves, 1986, 1991). Deneysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n belli bir \u00e7ekicili\u011fi ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00f6\u011fretim teknolojilerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran deneysel veya yar\u0131 deneysel tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 benimseyen ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7ok az say\u0131da faydal\u0131 sonu\u00e7 \u00fcretmi\u015ftir. Literat\u00fcr taramalar\u0131 ve meta-analizler bu olguyu \u201canlaml\u0131 bir fark yok\u201d problemi olarak kabul etmi\u015ftir (Joy ve Garcia, 2000; Oblinger ve Hawkins, 2006; Russell, 1999). Videolar, 1980'lerden bu yana benzer kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara -\u00f6nce video disklere ve etkile\u015fimli videolara odakl\u0131 daha sonra bilgisayar tabanl\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretime, video animasyonlar\u0131na, belgesellere ve video- kay\u0131tl\u0131 sunumlara veya konferanslara odakl\u0131 olarak konu olmu\u015ftur. Medyan\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki etkisi hakk\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fma, Clark (1983, 1994) ve Kozma'n\u0131n (1991, 1994) kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri ile iyi bir \u015fekilde temsil edilmi\u015ftir. Clark (1994), medyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir ko\u015fulda \u00f6\u011frenmeyi etkilemedi\u011fini; ancak \u201c\u00f6\u011frenmenin, medya sunumuna g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemlerinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d iddia etmektedir (s. 26). \u00d6zellikle, \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemleri \u201cba\u015far\u0131 veya motivasyon i\u00e7in gerekli bili\u015fsel s\u00fcre\u00e7leri harekete ge\u00e7iren, destekleyen veya telafi eden bilgileri \u015fekillendirmenin herhangi bir yolu\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (s. 23). Tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n di\u011fer taraf\u0131nda, Kozma (1991, 1994), medya ve y\u00f6ntemlerin i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fini ve birbirlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu savunmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"center\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-199\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/09\/image0050.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"529\"><\/p>\n<a name=\"_Toc27652265\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 22.4. Literat\u00fcrde kullan\u0131lan baz\u0131 temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlere at\u0131flarla birlikte \u00f6\u011frenen, \u00f6\u011fretim ve video aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar.<\/i><\/span><\/span>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Etkile\u015fimci bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re medya ile \u00f6\u011frenme, bazen \u00f6\u011frenen ve bazen de ortam taraf\u0131ndan temsillerin ve i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir [..] medya bize g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yeni y\u00f6ntemler verecek \u015fekilde tasarlanmal\u0131 ve y\u00f6ntemlerimiz medyan\u0131n yeteneklerinden uygun \u015fekilde faydalanmal\u0131d\u0131r (1994, s. 11, 16).<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Tennyson (1994), bu \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck medya tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201d i\u00e7inde \u201cbir bilim insan\u0131n\u0131n mevcut durumdan asla tatmin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ancak her zaman ve her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bilginin geni\u015fletilmesinden kaynaklanan zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d iddia eder (s. 15). O, bir bilim insan\u0131n\u0131n, istatistiksel olarak \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar bulundu\u011funda ve d\u00fcnyadaki karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmek i\u00e7in yeni bulunan bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 benimsendi\u011fi zaman savunucuya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ileri s\u00fcrer: buna \u201c \u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131\u201d<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\">1<\/a><\/sup> yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 deniyor. \"Elinde \u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131 olan taraftar, birdenbire, g\u00f6receli olarak s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da problemi \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in, yola koyulur. Yani, eskiden bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 sorunun t\u00fcm\u00fc, \u015fimdi yeni \u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131 (veya her derde deva ila\u00e7) ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilirmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor \u201d(s. 16). Bu e\u011fitimde videolarla ve onlardan \u00f6\u011frenme anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan potansiyel \"\u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131\" olarak tek bir de\u011ferlendirme y\u00f6ntemine (\u00f6r. analitik) \u00e7ok fazla odaklanman\u0131n cazibesine kar\u015f\u0131 kesin bir uyar\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun yerine, videolarla etkile\u015fim, \u00f6\u011frenme ve video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in bir dizi yakla\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr stratejiler, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki Videolara Y\u00f6nelik Veri Madencili\u011fi Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde incelenecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">METODOLOJ\u0130K ANA HATLAR<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"western\">Video T\u00fcrleri<\/h3>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolar, esnek, karma ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme t\u00fcrlerinin artan ihtiyac\u0131na cevap vermek ve \u00f6\u011frenenlerin ilgisini \u00e7ekmek amac\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitli pedagojik f\u0131rsatlar sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in giderek daha \u00f6nemli hale gelmi\u015ftir. Video kullan\u0131m\u0131nda iki yayg\u0131n kategori vard\u0131r: e\u015fzamanl\u0131 ve e\u015fzamans\u0131z. \u0130lki, \u00f6\u011freten ve \u00f6\u011fretenlerin birbirleriyle sanal s\u0131n\u0131flar, canl\u0131 web yay\u0131nlar\u0131 veya video yay\u0131nlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ayn\u0131 anda etkile\u015fimde bulunmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 bir f\u0131rsat sunar. \u0130kincisi, kendi h\u0131z\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenmeyi destekler ve \u00f6ncelikle ortam ile \u00f6\u011frenen aras\u0131ndaki bireysel bir etkile\u015fimdir. E\u015fzamanl\u0131 olmayan videolar daha yayg\u0131n hale gelmekte ve s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7i bir dersin kaydedilmesinden, bir e\u011fitimcinin konu\u015fan kafas\u0131n\u0131n kayd\u0131na veya dersin ana kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren sunular veya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin e\u015flik etti\u011fi ders sesine kadar \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6stermektedir (Owston, Lupshenyuk ve Wideman, 2011). Bu t\u00fcr ders videolar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli uzunluklarda olabilir ve videolar\u0131n \u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in e\u011fitimcinin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu kaynak ve zaman\u0131 en aza indiren Echo360<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote2sym\" name=\"sdfootnote2anc\">2<\/a><\/sup>, Opencast<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote3sym\" name=\"sdfootnote3anc\">3<\/a><\/sup> ve Kaltura<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote4sym\" name=\"sdfootnote4anc\">4<\/a><\/sup> vb. yaz\u0131l\u0131m teknolojilerinin de kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla bir\u00e7ok amfide (b\u00fcy\u00fck derslik) kullan\u0131lan otomatik ders kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla daha yayg\u0131n hale gelmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme ba\u011flamlar\u0131nda, bu videolar \u00f6\u011frenenlere tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 kaynaklar olarak sunulurken, bir\u00e7ok e\u011fitimci bilgi aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n derse ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce gerekli video dersleri ile i\u015f birli\u011fine dayal\u0131 ve aktif \u00f6\u011frenme etkinlikleri i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131fta zaman sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tersy\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 benimsemektedirler. Dahas\u0131 son zamanlarda \u00e7e\u015fitli disiplinleri ve kavramlar\u0131 kapsayan \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli videolar\u0131n bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 YouTube, Apple firmas\u0131n\u0131n \u201ciTunes U\" program\u0131 ve Khan Academy gibi ak\u0131\u015f platformlar\u0131n\u0131n mevcudiyeti sayesinde ders videolar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 ivme kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. KA\u00c7D'ler ayr\u0131ca ders videolar\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131n benimsenmesine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur. Bir\u00e7ok KA\u00c7D sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 (\u00f6r. Coursera, Udacity, EdX) i\u00e7in s\u0131navlar\u0131n, forumlar\u0131n ve okumalar\u0131n desteklendi\u011fi videolar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kurs i\u00e7eri\u011finin sunuldu\u011fu video ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 temel bir i\u015flevselliktir (Diwanji, Simon, Marki, Korkut ve Dornberger, 2014; Li, Kidzinski, Jermann ve Dillenbourg, 2015). Yo\u011fun olarak video derslerine ve i\u00e7erik bireysel olarak tam \u00f6\u011frenilmesine odaklanan bu belirli KA\u00c7D'ler (\u00f6r. an\u0131nda geri bildirimli s\u0131navlar yoluyla), \u00e7o\u011funlukla gKA\u00c7D'ler (Conole, 2013) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla 2012'den bu yana geli\u015ftirilen bili\u015fsel-davran\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m izler (Margaryan, Bianco ve Littlejohn, 2015). Bir\u00e7ok durumda, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim videolar\u0131, mevcut olan imk\u00e2nlarla yap\u0131lan canl\u0131 kayd\u0131n sonucudur (\u00f6r. ekran yakalama ve ses kayd\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan otomatik ders kayd\u0131 veya masa\u00fcst\u00fc kay\u0131t), KA\u00c7D'lerde ise videolar genellikle senaryo temelli, y\u00fcksek kaliteli ekipman ve h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00fcretim de\u011ferleri ile kaydedilmi\u015f olarak bulunmaktad\u0131r (Guo, Kim ve Rubin, 2014; Ilioudi, Giannakos ve Chorianopoulos, 2013; Kolowich, 2013).<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Ders videolar\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131 ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilen tek e\u011fitsel video t\u00fcr\u00fc de\u011fildir. \u00d6\u011frencilerin kendi performanslar\u0131n\u0131n veya bir etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n video kayd\u0131, kendini yans\u0131tma, akran ve \u00f6\u011freten geri bildirimi ve hedef belirleme amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00f6\u011fretmen adaylar\u0131 kendi \u00f6\u011fretim senaryolar\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 incelediler ve kendi \u00f6zd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcm ama\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in ya da akranlara geri bildirim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in Medya Derkenar Arac\u0131 (MDA) gibi video ek a\u00e7\u0131klama yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla belirli b\u00f6l\u00fcmler \u00fczerine not ald\u0131lar ya da i\u015faretlemeler yapt\u0131lar. (Colasante, 2010, 2011). \u00d6\u011frenen yans\u0131mas\u0131 ve ele\u015ftirel analiz i\u00e7in video kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 t\u0131p e\u011fitiminde de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece \u00f6\u011frenenler temsili hastalarla yapt\u0131klar\u0131 muayenelerinin kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilir ve hasta davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarlar ve DiViDU not yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak videodaki belirli zaman kodlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 iyile\u015fme alanlar\u0131n\u0131 not al\u0131rlar (Hulsman, Harmsen ve Fabriek, 2009). Sahne sanatlar\u0131 disiplininde, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin kendi performanslar\u0131n\u0131n videolar\u0131, \u00f6zd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcm amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Daniel, 2001) ve daha yak\u0131n zamanda, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin performanslar\u0131 ile ilgili zaman damgal\u0131 ve genel yorumlar yapabilmeleri i\u00e7in CLAS video derkenar yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile birle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. (Ga\u0161evi\u0107, Mirriahi ve Dawson, 2014; Mirriahi, Liaqat, Dawson ve Ga\u0161evi\u0107, 2016; Risko, Foulsham, Dawson ve Kingstone, 2013).<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">\u00d6\u011fretim Programlar\u0131nda Video<\/h3>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolar \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131na \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde d\u00e2hil edilmekle birlikte, videolar\u0131n derse b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilmesinin etkili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya daha fazla ayr\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fi genellikle a\u00e7\u0131k (\u015feffaf) de\u011fildir. \u0130ster ters y\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n veya KA\u00c7D'lerin temel bile\u015fenleri, kaynaklar\u0131 olarak ister yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 uygulama ve akran geri bildirimleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ls\u0131n, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla nas\u0131l etkile\u015fime girdi\u011fi ve videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme deneyimlerine nas\u0131l katk\u0131da bulundu\u011funu anlamak \u00f6nemlidir (Giannakos vd., 2014). Bug\u00fcne kadar, \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131ndaki videolar\u0131n etkilili\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131ran \u00e7e\u015fitli e\u011fitim ortamlar\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (Giannakos, 2013; Yousef vd., 2014). Bununla birlikte, \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, nesnel veriler yerine, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6\u011frenenlerin ve e\u011fitimcilerin \u00f6z-raporlar\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca \u00f6z raporlara g\u00fcvenmek, \u00f6\u011frenenin \u00f6nceki davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 potansiyel olarak yanl\u0131\u015f hat\u0131rlamalar\u0131na neden olabilir (Winne ve Jamieson-Noel, 2002) veya \u00f6\u011frenenlerin en do\u011fru cevaptan ziyade beklenen cevab\u0131 verdi\u011fi \"sosyal arzulanabilirlik\" yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir (Beretvas, Meyers ve Leite, 2002; Gonyea, 2005). Bununla birlikte, \u00f6\u011frenme analiti\u011fi ve veri madencili\u011fi tekniklerindeki son geli\u015fmeler, dijital ayak izlerini analiz ederek, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin \u00f6\u011frenme teknolojilerini fiil\u00ee olarak kullanmalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin daha objektif ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn veriler sa\u011flayabilir (Greller ve Drachsler, 2012). Bu nedenle, veri i\u015flenmesinde \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer veri kaynaklar\u0131na tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullanmas\u0131 (\u00f6r. de\u011ferlendirme puanlar\u0131, anketler vb.) (Giannakos, Chorianopoulos ve Chrisochoides, 2015) \u00f6\u011frenenlerin ger\u00e7ekten videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme deneyimlerine nas\u0131l katk\u0131da bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>Video analiti\u011fi<\/i><\/span> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan elde edilen izleme veya t\u0131klama verilerinden yararlanmak, son y\u0131llarda ak\u0131\u015f video platformlar\u0131ndan (YouTube, Vimeo) veya KA\u00c7D sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan (Udacity, Coursera, FuturLearn, EdX) daha kolay eri\u015filebilir hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Genel olarak, <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>video analiti\u011fini<\/i><\/span>, \u00f6\u011frenme ba\u011flamlar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla nas\u0131l etkile\u015fimde bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak amac\u0131yla video kullan\u0131mlar\u0131yla ilgili verilerin toplanmas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve analizi olarak tan\u0131mlar\u0131z. Bu \u00f6\u011frenenlerin mevcut video kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 ile birlikte k\u0131sa s\u0131navlar veya derkenarlar gibi di\u011fer \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i etkinliklerden onlar\u0131n videolarla ve ili\u015fkili etkinliklerle ne zaman ve nas\u0131l ilgilendiklerini ara\u015ft\u0131rma amac\u0131yla toplanan verileri i\u015fleme f\u0131rsat\u0131 sa\u011flar. \u00d6z raporlama yoluyla \u00f6\u011frenenin niyetleri veya motivasyonlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi toplanmas\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenen kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olurken bu t\u00fcr verilerin performans \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcyle (\u00f6r. notlar veya puanlar) toplanmas\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki herhangi bir etkinin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Toplu olarak, bu \u00e7e\u015fitli veri k\u00fcmeleri, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video teknolojilerine y\u00f6nelik kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ve onlarla etkile\u015fimlerinin ders tasar\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fini veya \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme stratejisinin ama\u00e7lanan kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in e\u011fitsel yakla\u015f\u0131mda daha fazla g\u00fcncelleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini ortaya koymaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir (Pardo vd., 2015).<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bir sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, \u00f6\u011frenme ve etkile\u015fimdeki \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri anlamaya ba\u015flamak i\u00e7in, \u00f6\u011frenenin video teknolojileri kullan\u0131m\u0131yla (di\u011fer veri toplama y\u00f6ntemlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra video analitiklerini kullanarak) ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">V\u0130DEOLARA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K VER\u0130 MADENC\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 YAKLA\u015eIMLARI<\/h2>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Veri madencili\u011fi genel olarak \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri, e\u011filimleri veya ili\u015fkileri ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck miktardaki bilgisayarla i\u015flenmi\u015f veriyi toplama, arama ve analiz etme s\u00fcreci olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r (Witten ve Frank, 2005; Romero ve Ventura, 2010; Pena-Ayala, 2014). Bu istatistik ve yapay zek\u00e2'da (YZ) kullan\u0131lan ara\u00e7lar ve y\u00f6ntemler birle\u015fimi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130\u015fleme (<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>Madencilik<\/i><\/span>) s\u00fcrecini y\u00f6nlendiren algoritmalar YZ kapsam\u0131nda bilgi ke\u015ffi ve makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi (geni\u015f makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi kategorileri ve bunlarla ilgili algoritmalar \u015eekil 22.5'de g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir) olarak isimlendirilen bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma alan\u0131ndan gelmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00c7oklu ortam ve video \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda veri madencili\u011fi uzun zamand\u0131r kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu k\u0131smen yeni i\u00e7erik olu\u015fturmadaki g\u00f6receli kolayl\u0131k ve videolar\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmak (yay\u0131nlamak) i\u00e7in web tabanl\u0131 video ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 hizmetlerinin mevcut olmas\u0131 nedeniyledir. Videolar i\u00e7in uygulamalara ve madencilik tekniklerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, i\u015fin iki ana zinciri oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr: 1) videonun i\u00e7eri\u011fini anlama ve 2) \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetme. Sonraki iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, bu y\u00f6ntem ve tekniklerin baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u015eekil 22.5, makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi algoritmalar\u0131 ve <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>video analiti\u011fine<\/i><\/span> tatbik edilebilen uygulamalar\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131na genel bir bak\u0131\u015f sunmaktad\u0131r. Denetimli ve denetimsiz makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi aras\u0131nda bir ayr\u0131m sa\u011flar ve farkl\u0131 video kullan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan (\u00f6r. \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video i\u00e7eri\u011fi ile etkile\u015fimi ve video kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan) verileri analiz etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan belirli algoritma t\u00fcrlerine yol a\u00e7ar. Veri kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak (\u00f6r. kullan\u0131m ve video i\u00e7i davran\u0131\u015flar veya \u00e7er\u00e7eve analizi), verilerden anlam \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 algoritma k\u00fcmeleri daha uygundur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><img class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-575\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/09\/image51-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"911\" height=\"707\"><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><a name=\"_Toc27652266\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 22.5. Literat\u00fcrde kullan\u0131lan baz\u0131 temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlere at\u0131flarla birlikte \u00f6\u011frenen<\/i><\/span>, \u00f6\u011fretim <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>ve video aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, algoritmalar\u0131n etkilili\u011fi \u00fczerinde durmayaca\u011f\u0131z ancak kullan\u0131m\u0131na \u00f6zel \u00f6nem vererek, video i\u00e7eri\u011fi madencili\u011finin baz\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z. Tablo 22.1, mevcut literat\u00fcr\u00fcn, algoritmalar\u0131n, etkile\u015fim t\u00fcrlerinin ve analizde kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zelliklerin a\u00e7\u0131k bir haritas\u0131n\u0131 sunar.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fe Uygulanan Madencilik<\/h3>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolar\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, g\u00f6rsel \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc tan\u0131ma (Antani, Kasturi ve Jain, 2002), makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi (Brunelli, Mich ve Modena, 1999) ve ki\u015fi y\u00f6netimli eylem (Avlonitis, Karydis ve Sioutas, 2015; Chorianopoulos, 2012; Risko vd., 2013) gibi otomatik i\u00e7erik tabanl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerdeki geli\u015fmeleri destekleyen karma\u015f\u0131k bir meseledir. \u0130kincisi, video kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 veya sosyal \u00fcst verileri (etiketleme, payla\u015fma ve sosyal etkile\u015fim) bireysel olarak kullanmak olabilir. Video i\u00e7eri\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan video indeksleme, \u00fc\u00e7 ana ad\u0131ma dayan\u0131r: 1) video \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme, 2) soyutlama ve 3) i\u00e7erik analizi (Fegade ve Dalal, 2014). Ayr\u0131ca, video i\u00e7eri\u011findeki geni\u015fleme g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, gezinme (veya i\u00e7eri\u011fin i\u00e7inde arama) ve \u00f6zetleme sorunlar\u0131 da i\u00e7erik analiti\u011fi kullan\u0131larak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir (Grigoras, Charvillat ve Douze, 2002; He, Grudin ve Gupta, 2000).<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemi, \u00f6\u011frenenlere video i\u00e7eri\u011fini karakterize etme ve sunma yetene\u011finde ve bu ortam\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenim ve \u00f6\u011fretim ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00f6\u011frenenlere bir videodaki kilit noktalara rehberlik etmenin ya da kendi \u00f6\u011frenmelerini d\u00fczenleme yollar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flaman\u0131n daha iyi bir yolu, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videonun konuyla en alakal\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne atlamas\u0131na izin vermek i\u00e7in bir i\u00e7indekiler veya s\u00f6zl\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc gibi gezinme indeksi sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmenin bir yolu, \u00f6\u011fretenlere ve \u00f6\u011frenenlere bir videonun belirli zaman damgal\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini daha sonra izlemek \u00fczere veya di\u011fer kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ek a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 ya da bayraklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyerek onlar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenmelerine ili\u015fkili olarak kendi \u00f6\u011frenmelerini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in i\u015faretleme yapmalar\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yan bir video i\u015faretleyici yaz\u0131l\u0131m sa\u011flamakt\u0131r (Dawson, Macfadyen, Evan, Foulsham ve Kingstone, 2012). Web siteleri ve uygulamalar\u0131n yeni kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n video izleme ve metin atlama e\u011filimi ile daha yetkin kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n videolar\u0131 atlay\u0131p ilgili metni tarama e\u011filimi (Johnson, 2011) g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ilgin\u00e7 tasar\u0131m problemleri ve sorular ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar: \u00f6\u011frenenin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 veya video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirerek, \u00d6\u011frencilerin \u201ckalabal\u0131k kaynakl\u0131\u201d uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, acemi veya daha az deneyimli \u00f6\u011frenenler ya da makine \u00f6\u011frenmesinin uyarlanmas\u0131 yoluyla otomatik veya kullan\u0131c\u0131 odakl\u0131 e\u011fitsel destek sa\u011flar m\u0131? Makine taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nlendirilen y\u00f6ntemler (yani, EVM ve EYZ topluluklar\u0131) lehine \u00e7ok fazla kan\u0131t olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bilgi temsili ve aktar\u0131m\u0131 hayati bir mesele olarak \u00f6nemini korumaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolarla ilgili eri\u015filebilir ba\u015fka bir \u00fcst veri kayna\u011f\u0131, yard\u0131mc\u0131 teknolojiler ve videolarla ilgili metin kopyalar\u0131n\u0131n senkronize edilmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Ed-X ayn\u0131 sayfada hem video hem de transkript g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerken, YouTube altyaz\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in otomatik bir altyaz\u0131 arac\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131n zamanda tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ol>\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n \t<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n \t<li>\n<h4 class=\"western\">Kullan\u0131ma Dayal\u0131 Madencilik: Etkile\u015fimi \u00d6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in Etkinlik Kay\u0131tlar\u0131<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u0130zlemenin ya da kay\u0131t g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc verisinin \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video teknolojilerini kullanmas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini ya da kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya y\u00f6nelik analizler hem ara\u015ft\u0131rma disiplini (\u00f6r. \u00f6\u011frenme analiti\u011fi ve e\u011fitsel veri madencili\u011fi) a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hem de \u00f6\u011fretmenlik uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 bilgilendirmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hala ilk evrelerdedir. Giannakos, Jaccheri ve Krogstie (2015) taraf\u0131ndan belirtildi\u011fi gibi, alan\u0131 ilerletmek i\u00e7in metodolojik yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla daha ileri deneylere ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Yine de daha geleneksel veri toplama yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 (\u00f6r. anketler, g\u00f6zlemler ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler) ile birlikte \u00f6\u011frenenlerin e\u011fitsel veri madencili\u011fi ve \u00f6\u011frenme analiti\u011fi y\u00f6ntemlerini kullanarak video teknolojilerini nas\u0131l \u00f6\u011frendiklerini ara\u015ft\u0131ran ve say\u0131ca artan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar da mevcuttur. Genel bir bak\u0131\u015f sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in spesifik olarak 2000'den itibaren yay\u0131nlanan video veya \u00e7oklu medya \u00f6\u011frenimini konu alan yay\u0131nlar\u0131 inceledik. Gerekli olan bir di\u011fer kriter, son b\u00f6l\u00fcmde a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u201ckullan\u0131m\u201d veya \u201cetkile\u015fim\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 alt\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fkenlerden en az\u0131ndan birinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Tablo 22.1'de, \u00f6\u011frenenin video kullan\u0131m\u0131, kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve videolarla \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bu y\u00f6ntemleri kullanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 tan\u0131tmaktay\u0131z. \u015eekil 22.5'te belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere algoritma kategorilerini ve uygulama t\u00fcrlerini kullanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rd\u0131k.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><a name=\"__RefHeading___Toc16122_2033587486\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc26737006\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc26784368\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc27414452\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc27664831\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>Tablo 22.1. Video Analitik Tekniklerini Kullanan \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00d6zeti<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<table style=\"height: 2014px;\" width=\"1548\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\"><colgroup> <col width=\"155\"> <col width=\"80\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"14\"> <\/colgroup> <colgroup> <col width=\"13\"> <\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 57px;\" rowspan=\"2\" height=\"8\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Kaynak\u00e7a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 57px;\" rowspan=\"2\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma t\u00fcr\u00fc veya algoritma t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 336.833px; height: 47px;\" colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Kullan\u0131m<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 444.983px; height: 47px;\" colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Etkile\u015fim<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 315.3px; height: 47px;\" colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Ek De\u011fi\u015fkenler<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 10px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Genel kullan\u0131m<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Gezinti<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Video \u0130\u00e7i Davran\u0131\u015f<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Etiketleme \/ Sayfa no.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Not<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sosyal etkile\u015fim<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenme Tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Memnuniyeti<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Alg\u0131lanan etki<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kullan\u0131c\u0131 bilgisi<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">De\u011ferlendirme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0130\u00e7erik-ili\u015fkili<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Anusha ve Shereen, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Avlonitis ve Chorianopoulos, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"23\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Avlonitis, Karydis ve Sioutas, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Korelasyon, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Brooks, Epp, Logan ve Greer, 2011<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">K\u00fcmelenme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chen, Chen, Xu, March ve Benford, 2008<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chorianopoulos, 2012<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chorianopoulos, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chorianopoulos, Giannakos, Chrisochoides ve Reed, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00c7er\u00e7eve<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Cobarzan ve Schoeffmann, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Coleman, Seaton ve Chuang, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Crockford ve Agius, 2006<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">de Konig, Tabbers, Rikers ve Paas, 2011<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Delen, Liew ve Willson, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Dufour, Toms, Lewis ve Baecker, 2005<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Gasevic, Mirriahi, ve Dawson, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Giannakos, Chorianopoulos ve Chrisochoides 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Giannakos, Chorianopoulos ve Chrisochoides, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Giannakos, Jaccheri, ve Krogstie, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Gkonela ve Chorianopoulus, 2012<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Grigoras, Charvillat ve Douze, 2002<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Guo, Kim ve Rubin, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">He, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">He, Grudin, ve Gupta, 2000<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, K\u00fcmeleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">He, Sanocki, Gupta, ve Grudin, 2000<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ilioudi, Giannakos ve Chorianopoulos, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 78px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 78px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kamahara, Nagamatsu, Fukuhara, Kaieda ve Ishii,<\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">2009<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 78px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 78px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 78px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 78px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kim, Guo, Cai, Li, Gajos, ve Miller, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kim, Guo, Seaton, Mitros, Gajos, ve Miller 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Li, Gupta, Sanoki, He, ve Rui, 2000<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Li, Kidzinski, Jermann, ve Dillenbourg, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Li, Zhang, Hu, Zhu, Chen, Jiang, Deng, Guo, Faraco, Zhang, Han, Hua, &amp; Liu, 2010<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Lyons, Reysen, ve Pierce, 2012<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mirriahi ve Dawson, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mirriahi, Liaqat, Dawson, ve Gasevic, 2016<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">K\u00fcmelenme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Monserrat, Zhao, McGee ve Pendey, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mu, 2010<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Pardo, Mirriahi, Dawson, Zhao, Zhao, ve Gasevic, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Korelasyon, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Phillips, Maor, Preston ve Cumming\u2013Potvin, 2011<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Risko, Foulsham, Dawson ve Kingstone, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ritzhaupt, Pastore ve Davis, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Samad ve Hamid, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Schwan ve Riempp, 2004<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Shi, Fu, Chen ve Qu, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sinha ve Cassell, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Song, Hong, Oakley, Cho ve Bianchi, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Syeda-Mahmood ve Poncelon, 2001<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">K\u00fcmelenme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Vondrick ve Ramanan, 2011<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"9\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Weir, Kim, Gajos ve Miller, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Wen ve Rose, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">K\u00fcmelenme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Wieling ve Hofman, 2010<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Korelasyon, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Yu, Ma, Nahrstedt ve Zhang, 2003<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, K\u00fcmeleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"5\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Zahn, Barquero ve Schwan, 2004<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"24\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Zhang, Zhou, Briggs ve Nunamaker, 2006<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px;\" height=\"4\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Zupancic ve Horz, 2002<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p align=\"center\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>NOTLAR<\/b>: 'o' bulunan yerlerde, at\u0131f yorumlanmaya tabidir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Genel kullan\u0131m, <\/b>faaliyet say\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder<b>; Gezinme<\/b>;<b> tarama, arama ve atlama<\/b> anlam\u0131na gelir; Video<b> i\u00e7i davran\u0131\u015flar oynatma, duraklatma, geri alma, ileri sarma ve h\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini<\/b> sunar; Etiketleme \/ \u0130\u015faretleme<b>, bir anahtar kelime (etiketleme) veya g\u00f6rsel g\u00f6sterge (\"v\" ile i\u015faretleme) i\u00e7erebilen bir zaman noktas\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faretlemenin basit bir eylemidir; Ek a\u00e7\u0131klama<\/b>, videolara<b> metin veya ba\u015fka kaynaklar ekleyebilme yetene\u011fini ifade eder; Sosyal Etkile\u015fim<\/b>, girdi veya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131 ba\u015fkalar\u0131yla payla\u015fma yetene\u011fini ifade eder;<b> \u00d6\u011frenme tasar\u0131m\u0131,<\/b> \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015f ko\u015fullara, etkinliklere veya sunum modlar\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunur;<b> Memnuniyet <\/b>ve <b>Alg\u0131lanan etkililik<\/b>, <b>anketler veya di\u011fer \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i y\u00f6ntemler (\u00f6rn; k\u0131sa s\u0131navlar) yoluyla elde edilir;<\/b> Kullan\u0131c\u0131 bilgisi, kullan\u0131c\u0131<b> detaylar\u0131n\u0131n (\u00f6rn; demografik bilgiler)<\/b> mevcudiyeti anlam\u0131na gelir; De\u011ferlendirme, performans testlerinin veya notlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder; <b>\u0130\u00e7erik- \u0130lgili ise girdi \/ \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131n<\/b> i\u00e7erikle alakal\u0131 oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Her de\u011fi\u015fkenin tan\u0131m\u0131na ek olarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma veya algoritma tipi, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 veya \u015eekil 22.5'teki \u015fema kullan\u0131larak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veri madencili\u011fi tekniklerini uygulayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla daha \u00f6nce sunulan taksonomiyi kullan\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle veriye ve de\u011fi\u015fkenlere \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretimi sadece kendileri bilgilendirmek i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda kullan\u0131m ve videolarla etkile\u015fim \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, i\u015fe at\u0131fta bulunan bir \u201cmodelleme\u201d t\u00fcr\u00fc eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">Kullan\u0131mdan Kat\u0131l\u0131ma Ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/h3>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6nceki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, bir dizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla neler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte,<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i> etkile\u015fimi<\/i><\/span> \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme ba\u011flam\u0131nda karakterize etmek i\u00e7in, videolarla etkile\u015fimin ne anlama geldi\u011fini bilmek \u00f6nemlidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir \u00f6\u011frenen \u201cters y\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f\u201d etkinli\u011finin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak sunulan bir videonun oynat d\u00fc\u011fmesini t\u0131klayabilir ve daha sonra kahve yapmaya gidebilir. Video hala oynamakta ve bu etkinli\u011fi <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>kullan\u0131l\u0131yor<\/i><\/span> olarak kaydetmekte olabilir; ancak \u00f6\u011frenen faaliyetle <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>me\u015fgul<\/i><\/span> de\u011fildir. Bu etkinlik g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yorumlamada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck meydana getirir ve daha \u00f6nce bahsedilen \u201c\u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir durum yarat\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frenilecek i\u015f \u00fczerinde harcanan zaman, ekolojik olarak ge\u00e7erli bir ortamda yorumlanabilecek kadar basit de\u011fildir; de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin kontrol alt\u0131nda tutuldu\u011fu deneysel ko\u015fullar\u0131n aksine, ger\u00e7ek \u00f6\u011frenme olduk\u00e7a g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc ortamlarda (\u00f6r. otob\u00fcsle gidi\u015f-geli\u015f yaparken mobil cihazla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen) olabilir (Chen, Seilhamer, Bennett ve Bauer, 2015).<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bununla birlikte, modern web teknolojileriyle al\u0131nan tedbirler bu sorunu k\u0131smen a\u015fabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, video i\u00e7i s\u0131navlara (V\u0130S) yer vermek, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videodaki kavramlar\u0131 anlay\u0131p anlamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 veya bunlar\u0131n etkilili\u011fini nas\u0131l alg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etme f\u0131rsat\u0131 sunar. Bunlar sadece kat\u0131l\u0131m konusundaki \u201ce\u011filimi\u201d de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6\u011frenmeye y\u00f6nelik videolar\u0131n etkilili\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bir fikir sunar. \u00c7o\u011fu KA\u00c7D sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, belirli noktalara eklenebilecek VIS'ler sunar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Giannakos vd. (2014) video i\u00e7i davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 incelemek, farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerdeki video uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n ve s\u0131nav kombinasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n uygunlu\u011funu test etmek i\u00e7in ilgin\u00e7 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sunmu\u015ftur. SocialSkip web uygulamas\u0131 (http:\/\/www.socialskip.org), \u00f6\u011fretenlerin farkl\u0131 senaryolar\u0131 test etmelerine ve \u00f6\u011frencilerin gezinme ve performanslar\u0131ndaki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00f6rmelerine imk\u00e2n tan\u0131r. Bu anlamda, Kozma'n\u0131n, medyan\u0131n (yani videolar\u0131n) \u00f6\u011frenenle etkile\u015fime giren \u00f6zellikleri tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6revin (yani \u00f6\u011frenilecek i\u015fin) \u00f6zelliklerinin, onlar\u0131 kullanan \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ortam ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan etkile\u015fim t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki arg\u00fcman\u0131 analitik ile do\u011frudan test edilebilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"western\">Kullan\u0131m ve Kat\u0131l\u0131mdan \u00d6\u011frenme \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/h3>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan f\u0131rsatlardan memnuniyet duydu\u011fu (Merkt, Weigand, Heier ve Schwan, 2011) ve belirli ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda, \u00f6zel tasar\u0131mlarla videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ilerletti\u011fini (vek\u00e2leten ba\u015far\u0131 d\u00fczeyi ve notlar kullan\u0131larak) g\u00f6steren kan\u0131tlar mevcuttur (Giannakos vd., 2014; Mirriahi ve Dawson, 2013). Laboratuvar deneyleri, videolar\u0131n daha iyi keskinli\u011fe ve hassasiyete \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir (Mayer, Heiser ve Lonn, 2001) ancak aktar\u0131m konusu \u00e7o\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n zay\u0131f oldu\u011fu bir husustur. \u00d6\u011frenmeyi nas\u0131l g\u00f6sterece\u011fiz? \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fe daha aktif kat\u0131l\u0131m derin \u00f6\u011frenmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorsa, videolar bu f\u0131rsat\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir mi ve e\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131yorsa hangi ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda sa\u011flar?<\/span><\/p>\n\n<table width=\"100%\" cellspacing=\"0\" cellpadding=\"7\"><colgroup> <col width=\"87*\"> <col width=\"82*\"> <col width=\"87*\"> <\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6;\" bgcolor=\"#deeaf6\" width=\"34%\" height=\"7\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">1. Entelekt\u00fcel<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6;\" bgcolor=\"#deeaf6\" width=\"32%\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">2. Duygusal<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6;\" bgcolor=\"#deeaf6\" width=\"34%\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">3. Davran\u0131\u015f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"34%\" height=\"131\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Otantik \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0130lgi<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">G\u00f6rev<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"32%\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Motivasyon<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">G\u00fcven ve Arkada\u015fl\u0131k<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">G\u00fc\u00e7lendirme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Rekabet<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"34%\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Tutarl\u0131l\u0131k<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011fretim Dili<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Geri bildirim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Oyunla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6;\" bgcolor=\"#deeaf6\" width=\"34%\" height=\"28\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">4. Fiziki<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6;\" bgcolor=\"#deeaf6\" width=\"32%\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">5. Sosyal<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6;\" bgcolor=\"#deeaf6\" width=\"34%\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">6. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"34%\" height=\"100\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Hareket\/eylem<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kinestetik \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"32%\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Etkile\u015fim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0130leti\u015fim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Yar\u0131\u015fma<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Akran bask\u0131s\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td width=\"34%\">\n<ul>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00c7e\u015fitlilik<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sembolizm<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n \t<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">M\u00fctekabiliyet<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<a name=\"_Toc27652267\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 22.6. \u00d6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretime kat\u0131l\u0131m unsurlar\u0131.<\/i><\/span><\/span>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenmenin videolarla<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i> etkile\u015fim<\/i><\/span> seviyesine g\u00f6re ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011finin tespit edilip edilemeyece\u011fi konusu tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir konudur. \u00d6nceden, \u00f6\u011frenilecek i\u015f \u00fczerinde ge\u00e7irilecek zaman\u0131n, kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7menin etkisiz bir yolu oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftik. Asl\u0131nda, \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretimde kat\u0131l\u0131m \u015fu alt\u0131 boyuta sahip olmakla karakterize edilebilir (\u015eekil 22.6): bilimsel, duygusal, davran\u0131\u015fsal, fiziksel, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel. Videolar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en alakal\u0131 boyutlar\u0131n, \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131ndaki birle\u015ftirme ve kullan\u0131m\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131 ile i\u00e7 i\u00e7e oldu\u011fu ve bu nedenle, \u00f6\u011frenmeye kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan verilerin t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6\u011frenme tasar\u0131m\u0131na ve mevcut teknolojiye ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin, anketlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video kullanmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan analitiklerin bir kombinasyonu, \u00f6rne\u011fin; \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolar\u0131 konu ile ilgili veya zorlay\u0131c\u0131 bulup bulmad\u0131klar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131 izlemeye y\u00f6nelik motivasyonlar\u0131 gibi \u00f6\u011frenmenin entelekt\u00fcel, duygusal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel boyutlar\u0131yla ilgili metriklerin yakalanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. VIS'lerin eklenmesiyle, geri bildirim ve talimatlar\u0131n netli\u011fi (davran\u0131\u015fsal boyutu) incelenebilir. Video etiketleme ve a\u00e7\u0131klama kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ile sosyal boyut d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir; videolar s\u0131n\u0131fta kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa, fiziksel \u00e7evrenin \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki etkilerini anlama f\u0131rsat\u0131 vard\u0131r. Temel sorunlardan biri, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki etkisinin geni\u015fletilmemesidir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenme vekili, genellikle video etkinli\u011finin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki de\u011ferlendirmeler yoluyla ortaya konan \u00f6\u011frenci performans\u0131 veya ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r (bir videoyla do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili i\u00e7eri\u011fi de\u011ferlendiren \u00f6zet s\u0131navlar olarak kullan\u0131labilecek V\u0130S'ler hari\u00e7). Bu videolarla etkile\u015fim yoluyla elde edilen \u00f6\u011frenmenin kapsam\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli yarg\u0131larda bulunma konusunda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin, videolar\u0131n yararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya etkinli\u011fi hususundaki geri bildirimlerine ve \u00f6\u011frenme deneyimlerine bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flayan memnuniyet d\u00fczeylerine g\u00fcvenebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n\n<h2 class=\"western\">\u00d6ZET VE GELECE\u011eE Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00d6NER\u0130LER<\/h2>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde verilen genel bak\u0131\u015f, \u00f6\u011frenme bilimcilerini, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131, e\u011fitimcileri ve videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme, kullan\u0131m ve yeni sorular\u0131 ve hipotezi ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in uyarlanabilecek \u00f6nceki yakla\u015f\u0131mlara d\u00e2hil olmalar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmakla ilgilenen di\u011fer ki\u015filere tan\u0131tmak i\u00e7indir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, e\u011fitim ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan potansiyel video t\u00fcrlerine ve bunlar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131na entegre edilebilecek \u00e7e\u015fitli yollara genel bir bak\u0131\u015f sunmu\u015ftur (ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir liste olmasa da). Veri madencili\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenenin kullan\u0131m\u0131, kat\u0131l\u0131m ve videolarla \u00f6\u011frenme ile ilgili (daha geleneksel yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra) ilgili verilerin analiz edilmesinin bir y\u00f6ntemi olarak, son zamanlarda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda okuyucunun daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olarak bildirilen yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n k\u0131sa bir \u00f6zeti ile tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, video analiti\u011fi ve bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenenin ilgisini \u00e7ekmeyi ve videolarla \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ve de\u011ferlendirmeyi nas\u0131l destekleyebilece\u011fini g\u00f6steren baz\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7oklu ortam \u00f6\u011frenimi i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131nda yer alan video kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n konumland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7oklu ortam\u0131n (ve videolar\u0131n) \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretime nas\u0131l d\u00e2hil edildi\u011fine ve bunlar\u0131n etkilili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tarihsel olarak nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirildiklerine y\u00f6nelik yollar\u0131n g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmaya y\u00f6nelik teorik bir temel sa\u011flar. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, tek bir yakla\u015f\u0131m veya \u201c \u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131\u201d, y\u00f6ntem ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n bir kombinasyonu kadar uygun olmayabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00c7oklu ortam ve videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme i\u00e7in etkinli\u011finin de\u011ferlendirilmesi \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ra\u011fmen, cevaplanmas\u0131 gereken pek \u00e7ok soru bulunmaktad\u0131r. Video teknolojileri taraf\u0131ndan yakalanan artan veri k\u00fctlesine ula\u015fmak ve bunlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve stratejilerin geni\u015fletilmesi, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmayan bir soru ortam\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma f\u0131rsat\u0131 sunar:<\/span><\/p>\n\n<ol>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenciler farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrdeki videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131r, onlarla nas\u0131l etkile\u015fime girer ve nas\u0131l \u00f6\u011frenir (\u00f6r. yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme vs. konferans \u00f6\u011frenmesi)? Video analiti\u011fi, \u00f6\u011frenen geri bildirimi ve \u00f6\u011freten yans\u0131malar\u0131ndan ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131 veya \u00f6\u011frenme tasar\u0131m ba\u011flamlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan karma y\u00f6ntemler yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 burada yararl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">a) video i\u00e7eri\u011finde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken de\u011fi\u015fiklikler veya bunlar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131na nas\u0131l d\u00e2hil edildi\u011fi hakk\u0131nda \u00f6\u011fretenleri bilgilendirmek ya da b) video i\u00e7eri\u011fi veya ilgili etkinliklerle daha iyi ilgilenmeleri i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frenenlere \u00f6\u011frenme stratejileri hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermek hususlar\u0131nda ne t\u00fcr m\u00fcdahalelerde bulunulabilir? Bu t\u00fcr m\u00fcdahaleler tan\u0131mland\u0131ktan sonra, bunlar\u0131n etkilili\u011finin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenme vekillerine (\u00f6r. de\u011ferlendirme puanlar\u0131 veya final puanlar\u0131) g\u00fcvenmek yerine, videolarla veya videolardan \u00f6\u011frenme nas\u0131l daha do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6nlendirilebilir?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Video i\u00e7eri\u011fiyle ilgili veriler, \u00f6\u011frenenin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve kat\u0131l\u0131m \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l daha iyi kullan\u0131labilir?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n \t<li>\n<p align=\"justify\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu etki alan\u0131 i\u00e7in en etkili algoritmalar nelerdir? \u00d6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bilgilendirmek, \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ve \u00f6\u011frenci deneyimini geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in daha fazla f\u0131rsat sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla olu\u015fturulan modellerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"western\">KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/h2>\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Antani, S., Kasturi, R., &amp; Jain, R. (2002). A survey on the use of pattern recognition methods for abstraction, indexing and retrieval of images and video. <i>Pattern Recognition, 35<\/i>(4), 945\u2013965. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/ S0031-3203(01)00086-3 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Anusha, V., &amp; Shereen, J. (2014). Multiple lecture video annotation and conducting quiz using random tree classification. <i>International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 8<\/i>(10), 522\u2013525. <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Atkins, M. J. (1993). Theories of learning and multimedia applications: An overview. <i>Research Papers in Education, 8<\/i>(2), 251\u2013271. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/0267152930080207 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Avlonitis, M., &amp; Chorianopoulos, K. (2014). Video pulses: User-based modeling of interesting video segments. <i>Advances in Multimedia, 2014<\/i>. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2014\/712589 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Avlonitis, M., Karydis, I., &amp; Sioutas, S. (2015). Early prediction in collective intelligence on video users\u2019 activity. <i>Information Sciences, 298<\/i>, 315\u2013329. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ins.2014.11.039 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Beretvas, S. N., Meyers, J. L., &amp; Leite, W. L. (2002). A reliability generalization study of the Marlowe-Crowne social desirability scale. <i>Educational and Psychological Measurement, 62<\/i>(4), 570\u2013589. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0013164402062004003 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Bloom, B.S. (1968). 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A survey on the automatic indexing of video data. <i>Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation, 10<\/i>(2), 78\u2013112. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1006\/jvci.1997.0404 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chen, B., Seilhamer, R., Bennett, L., &amp; Bauer, S. (2015, June 22). Students\u2019 mobile learning practices in higher education: A multi-year study. <i>Educause Review<\/i>. http:\/\/er.educause.edu\/articles\/2015\/6\/students-mobile-learning-practices-in-higher-education-a-multiyear-study <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chen, L., Chen, G.-C., Xu, C.-Z., March, J., &amp; Benford, S. (2008). 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Video-based learning: A critical analysis of the research published in 2003\u20132013 and future visions. <i>Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Mobile, Hybrid, and On-line Learning <\/i>(ThinkMind\/eLmL 2014), 23\u201327 March 2014, Barcelona, Spain (pp. 112\u2013119). http:\/\/www.thinkmind.org\/index.php?view=articlevearticleid=elml_2014_5_30_50050 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Yu, B., Ma, W.-Y., Nahrstedt, K., &amp; Zhang, H.-J. (2003). Video summarization based on user log enhanced link analysis. <i>Proceedings of the 11th ACM International Conference on Multimedia <\/i>(MULTIMEDIA\u201903), 2\u20138 November 2003, Berkeley, CA, USA (pp. 382\u2013391). New York: ACM. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/957013.957095 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Zahn, C., Barquero, B., &amp; Schwan, S. (2004). Learning with hyperlinked videos: Design criteria and efficient strategies for using audiovisual hypermedia. <i>Learning and Instruction, 14<\/i>(3), 275\u2013291. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.learninstruc.2004.06.004 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Zhang, D., Zhou, L., Briggs, R. O., &amp; Nunamaker Jr., J. F. (2006). Instructional video in e-learning: Assessing the impact of interactive video on learning effectiveness. <i>Information &amp; Management, 43<\/i>(1), 15\u201327. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.im.2005.01.004 <\/span><\/span>\n\n<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Zupancic, B., &amp; Horz, H. (2002). Lecture recording and its use in a traditional university course. In <i>Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education <\/i>(ITiCSE\u201902), 24\u201328 June 2002, Aarhus, Denmark (pp. 24\u201328). New York: ACM. <span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/544414.544424\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/544414.544424<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span>\n\n<hr>\n\n<div id=\"sdfootnote1\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1<\/a> orj. big wrench<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote2\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote2anc\" name=\"sdfootnote2sym\">2<\/a> Echo360 Active Learning Platform http:\/\/echo360.com<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote3\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote3anc\" name=\"sdfootnote3sym\">3<\/a> Opencast http:\/\/www.opencast.org<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote4\">\n<p align=\"left\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote4anc\" name=\"sdfootnote4sym\">4<\/a> Kaltura http:\/\/corp.kaltura.com<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n\n<\/div>\n","rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">Negin Mirriahi<sup>1<\/sup>, Lorenzo Vigentini<sup>2<\/sup><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><sup>1<\/sup>E\u011fitim ve \u00d6\u011fretim Okulu \u0130novasyon Birimi, G\u00fcney Avustralya \u00dcniversitesi, Avustralya<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><sup>2 <\/sup>E\u011fitim ve PVC Okulu (E\u011fitim Porfolyosu), New South Wales \u00dcniversitesi, Avustralya<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">DOI: 10.18608\/hla17.022<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">\u00d6Z<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Videolar, \u00f6zellikle harmanlanm\u0131\u015f \u00f6\u011frenmeye, tersy\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131flara ve kitlesel a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i derslere (KA\u00c7D) olan ilginin artmas\u0131yla birlikte bir\u00e7ok pedagojik yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n temel bir bile\u015feni haline gelmi\u015ftir. E\u011fitim ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan \u00e7e\u015fitli video t\u00fcrleri olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, ders videolar\u0131 en yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lanlard\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca, video ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 teknolojilerindeki son geli\u015fmelerle, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla etkile\u015fime girerek nas\u0131l \u00f6\u011frendiklerini daha iyi anlamak i\u00e7in videolara eri\u015firken b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 dijital ayak izleri i\u015flenebilir ve analiz edilebilir. \u00d6\u011frencilerin videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamak amac\u0131yla bu verilerin toplanmas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve analizi video analiti\u011fi olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. M\u00fclakatlar veya anketler gibi daha geleneksel veri toplama y\u00f6ntemleri, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla nas\u0131l ve ni\u00e7in u\u011fra\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frendiklerine dair b\u00fct\u00fcnsel bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 elde etmek i\u00e7in performans verileriyle birle\u015ftirildi\u011finde, video analiti\u011fi ders tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretim uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 bilgilendirmeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131na entegre edilen videolara genel bir bak\u0131\u015f ile \u00e7oklu medya \u00f6\u011frenimine bir giri\u015f yapmakla birlikte, \u00f6\u011frenenin video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131, videolarla etkile\u015fimi ve videolarla \u00f6\u011frenmesini ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in veri madencili\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 tart\u0131\u015fmakta ve ileriye y\u00f6nelik \u00f6neriler sunmaktay\u0131z.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Black, sans-serif;\">Anahtar Kelimeler<\/span>: Video, analitik, \u00f6\u011frenme, e\u011fitim, \u00e7oklu ortam<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00c7evrimi\u00e7i ve harmanlanm\u0131\u015f e\u011fitim, kitlesel a\u00e7\u0131k \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i dersler (KA\u00c7D) ve ters y\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131na olan ilgi art\u0131\u015f\u0131 video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n istikrarl\u0131 bir art\u0131\u015f g\u00f6stermesine yol a\u00e7t\u0131. \u00c7ok fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00f6zellikle psikolojik y\u00f6nlere, e\u011fitim de\u011ferine ve kullan\u0131c\u0131 deneyimine odaklanarak, teknolojideki geli\u015fmeler ve analitiklerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131nda nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda nas\u0131l kullan\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetme ve b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirme f\u0131rsat\u0131 da sunmaktad\u0131r; videolar\u0131n benimsenmesi, \u00f6\u011frenenin ilgi ve kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131na veya \u00f6\u011frenmesine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur (Giannakos, Chorianopoulos ve Chrisochoides, 2014). E\u011fitimciler ama\u00e7lad\u0131klar\u0131 hedefleri ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in videolar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde kurslar\u0131na d\u00e2hil etmeyi se\u00e7iyorlar. Bu durum sadece y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011fretimde, s\u00fcrekli mesleki geli\u015fimde ve K-12 sekt\u00f6rlerinde de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6zel sekt\u00f6r ve resm\u00ee hizmeti\u00e7i e\u011fitimlerde de ya\u015fan\u0131yor (Ritzhaupt, Pastore ve Davis, 2015). Bu nedenle, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131na nas\u0131l entegre edilece\u011fine dair gelecekteki de\u011fi\u015fiklikleri veya geli\u015fmeleri y\u00f6nlendirmek i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve videolarla nas\u0131l etkile\u015fime ge\u00e7ti\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek veya ara\u015ft\u0131rmak \u00f6nemlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7o\u011fu kez onlarca y\u0131l \u00f6ncesine uzanan \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131m\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131n nas\u0131l b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirildi\u011fini ke\u015ffetmeden veya \u00f6\u011frenenlerin bunlar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131ran y\u00f6ntemleri belirlemeden \u00f6nce, \u00f6\u011frenimi \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan \u00f6nceki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131 dikkate almak \u00f6nemlidir. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n, \u00f6zellikle de \u00e7oklu ortam \u00f6\u011frenimi ve \u00e7oklu ortam ile \u00f6\u011frenmeyi de\u011ferlendirmenin stratejilerinin tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 ile ba\u015flar. Bunu, video t\u00fcrleri, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131na b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilmesinin \u00e7e\u015fitli yollar\u0131 ile videolarla etkile\u015fim, \u00f6\u011frenme ve video kullan\u0131m\u0131nda uygulanabilecek veri madencili\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 i\u00e7eren metodolojik d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler izler. Son k\u0131s\u0131m, b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc \u00f6zetlemekte ve daha ileri ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar i\u00e7in y\u00f6nergeler sunmaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">\u0130LG\u0130L\u0130 \u00c7ALI\u015eMALAR<\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"western\"><\/h2>\n<h2 class=\"western\">\u00c7oklu Ortam ve \u0130nteraktif E\u011fitim Yaz\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131 ile \u00d6\u011frenme Hakk\u0131nda Ne Biliyoruz?<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">&#8220;\u0130nsanlar, salt yaz\u0131lar yerine, yaz\u0131 ve resimlerin bir arada kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler&#8221;, Mayer&#8217;in (2009) \u00f6\u011frenmeye y\u00f6nelik pop\u00fcler \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 belirleyen kilit ifadedir. Videolar bir bi\u00e7imidir ve bu nedenle bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm \u00f6\u011frenmenin etkilili\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131ran \u00e7ok say\u0131da ara\u015ft\u0131rmadan yararlanacakt\u0131r. E\u011fitimde bilgisayarlar\u0131n ve \u00f6\u011fretim teknolojilerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131ndan bu yana, etkile\u015fimli ders materyallerinin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve geli\u015ftirilmesi, psikoloji ve e\u011fitim ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar\u0131ndaki d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce e\u011filimlerini ve de\u011fi\u015fimlerin takip edilmesi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00fc\u00e7 a\u015fama\/ bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131ndan biri ile tan\u0131mlanabilir:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Black, sans-serif;\">Davran\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131<\/span>: materyalin seri olarak yap\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na, program \/ da\u011f\u0131t\u0131m kontrol\u00fcne ve Skinner&#8217;\u0131n (1950) radikal davran\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n Gagne&#8217;nin (1965) \u00f6\u011frenme ko\u015fullar\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u015fartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re belirlenmi\u015f kriterler do\u011frultusunda d\u00fczenli inceleme ve testlere odaklanarak, bilgi ve \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6zellikleri hakk\u0131nda nesnelci bir g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015f sunma.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Black, sans-serif;\">Bili\u015fsel<\/span>: bilgi i\u015flemeye ve \u00f6\u011frenenin, \u00f6\u011fretmenlerin ve \u00f6\u011frenme ortam\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerine dikkat ederek etkili \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ve \u00f6\u011fretmeyi etkileyen fakt\u00f6rlere odaklanma (Keller, 1967; McKeachie, 1974).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Black, sans-serif;\">Yap\u0131land\u0131rmac\u0131<\/span>: Bilginin bir araya getirilmesinde sosyal ve bireysel s\u00fcre\u00e7lerin birbirine ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na odaklanan bilgi olu\u015fturma (Palincsar, 1998).<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu s\u0131k\u00e7a yerle\u015fik bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131 aras\u0131nda temel sorun, \u00f6\u011fretimin \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ne kadar etkiledi\u011finin (\u00f6zellikle Lee ve Anderson, 2013) ve \u00f6zellikle de \u00fc\u00e7 perspektiften t\u00fcretilen e\u011fitici ve yap\u0131land\u0131rmac\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n aktif \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ne kadar kolayla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n tan\u0131m\u0131 olmu\u015ftur. Davran\u0131\u015fc\u0131 bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re, \u00f6\u011frenme g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir talimatlar seti ve belirli bir \u00f6\u011frenme dizilimi ile verimli bir \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilebilir (Kirschner, Sweller ve Clark, 2006; Lee ve Anderson, 2013) ancak verim ve etkililik aras\u0131nda bir de\u011fi\u015f toku\u015f olabilir (Atkins, 1993). Bunun yerine, bili\u015fsel y\u00f6nelimin temel zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenmeyi desteklemek i\u00e7in uygun \u00fcst bili\u015fsel \u00e7er\u00e7evelerin ifade edilmesi veya sa\u011flanmas\u0131ndad\u0131r. Yap\u0131land\u0131rmac\u0131 ve ba\u011flant\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme modelleri, do\u011falar\u0131 gere\u011fi \u00f6\u011frenci merkezlidir ve en uygun \u00f6\u011frenme yolunu belirleme amac\u0131yla \u00f6\u011fretim materyalinde gezinmek i\u00e7in bir \u00f6z-y\u00f6nlendirme ve y\u00f6netim d\u00fczeyini vurgularlar. Kabul edilen felsefi bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u201ceksik g\u00f6r\u00fcnen \u015fey, yeni teknolojilerin sundu\u011fu tasar\u0131m f\u0131rsatlar\u0131na uygun \u00f6\u011frenme modelleridir\u201d (Atkins, 1993, s. 252) ve buna videolar ve \u00e7oklu ortam da d\u00e2hildir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Uygulay\u0131c\u0131lar ve \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131mc\u0131lar\u0131, Gagne&#8217;nin (1965) \u00f6\u011fretim durumlar\u0131 modelini ve \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131m t\u00fcrleri s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6receli olarak benimsenmesinde ve kullan\u0131mda sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kolayl\u0131klardan dolay\u0131 konforlu bulmaktad\u0131rlar (Reeves, 1986). Dahas\u0131, tam \u00f6\u011frenme kavram\u0131 (Bloom, 1968), etkilili\u011fini destekleyen \u00e7ok say\u0131da ara\u015ft\u0131rman\u0131n ilgi oda\u011f\u0131 oldu (Guskey ve Good, 2009; Kulik, Kulik ve Bangert \u2013 Drowns, 1990) ve Keller&#8217;in be\u015f ana \u00f6gesiyle (1967) \u015eekil 22.1&#8217;de belirtildi\u011fi gibi Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00d6\u011fretim Sistemi (K\u00d6S), \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenme bilimlerini g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u015fekilde etkiledi.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Mayer (2009), son k\u0131rk y\u0131lda ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen \u00e7oklu ortam \u00f6\u011frenimiyle ilgili bilgi zenginli\u011fini, \u015eekil 22.2&#8217;de belirtildi\u011fi gibi, 12 ilkenin form\u00fclasyonunda \u00f6zetlemeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu ilkeler, insanlar\u0131n ile \u00f6\u011frenmeye yollar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik olarak psikolojiden, \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131ndan ve \u00f6\u011frenme bilimlerinden elde edilen kan\u0131tlara dayanarak i\u00e7g\u00f6r\u00fc sa\u011flar. Bir e\u011fitimcinin videolar\u0131 e\u011fitimlerine d\u00e2hil ederken, olumlu ve olumsuz tasar\u0131m \u00f6zelliklerinin ve \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki bilinen etkilerinin fark\u0131nda olmas\u0131 \u00f6nemlidir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da, &#8220;Videolara Y\u00f6nelik Veri Madencili\u011fi Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131&#8221; b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde daha ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak a\u00e7\u0131klanan, g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurulmas\u0131 gereken bir ba\u015fka husus, kat\u0131l\u0131m konusu ve \u00f6\u011frenmenin kat\u0131l\u0131m \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleriyle nas\u0131l ili\u015fkili oldu\u011fudur. Mayer ve meslekta\u015flar\u0131, ortam\u0131n belirli \u00f6zelliklerinin \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki etkilerini g\u00f6stermelerine ra\u011fmen laboratuvar ortam\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ek hayata ge\u00e7erken, bir \u00f6\u011frenenin ortamla etkile\u015fime girme derecesi \u00f6nemli bir husustur. Bu sadece ortam\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerinden de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6\u011frenmeyi de\u011ferlendirme bi\u00e7imine ba\u011fl\u0131 olan videolarla vakit ge\u00e7irme (ha\u015f\u0131r ne\u015fir olma, etkile\u015fimde bulunma) s\u00fcresi ve \u00f6\u011frenme aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkinin net bir \u015fekilde \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclmesini olduk\u00e7a zorla\u015ft\u0131ran, \u00f6\u011frenmeyle ilgili bireysel tercihler ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlardan da kaynaklan\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Keller\u2019in (1967) K\u00d6S\u2019nin (Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00d6\u011fretim Sistemi) unsurlar\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>Kendi h\u0131z\u0131nda gitme \u00f6zelli\u011fi, bir \u00f6\u011frenenin kursta zaman i\u00e7inde kabiliyeti ve di\u011fer taleplerle orant\u0131l\u0131 bir h\u0131zla hareket etmesine izin vermesi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u0130lerleme i\u00e7in \u00fcnite m\u00fckemmelli\u011fi gereklili\u011fi, \u00f6\u011frenenin \u00f6ncekinde ustal\u0131k g\u00f6sterdikten sonra yeni materyale ilerlemesine izin vermesi<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>Ders anlat\u0131m\u0131 ve tan\u0131t\u0131mlar\u0131n ele\u015ftirel bilgi kaynaklar\u0131ndan ziyade motivasyon arac\u0131 olarak kullan\u0131lmas\u0131<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">\u00d6\u011fretmen-\u00f6\u011frenen ileti\u015fiminde yaz\u0131l\u0131 s\u00f6ze ili\u015fkin vurgu<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">Tekrarlanan testlere, an\u0131nda puanlamaya, neredeyse ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmaz olarak \u00f6zel derslere ve e\u011fitim s\u00fcrecinin ki\u015fisel-sosyal y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn belirgin bir \u015fekilde geli\u015ftirilmesine izin veren g\u00f6zetmenlerin kullan\u0131m\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u015eekil 22.1. Keller\u2019in (1967) K\u00d6S\u2019nin (Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirilmi\u015f \u00d6\u011fretim Sistemi) unsurlar\u0131.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<div class=\"textbox textbox--examples\">\n<header class=\"textbox__header\">\n<p class=\"textbox__title\">Mayerin \u00c7oklu Tasar\u0131m \u0130lkesi<\/p>\n<\/header>\n<div class=\"textbox__content\">\n<ul>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Tutarl\u0131l\u0131k \u0130lkesi &#8211;<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar, konu d\u0131\u015f\u0131 materyalleri (yabanc\u0131 kelimeler, resimler ve sesler vb.) \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda tutuldu\u011funda \u00f6\u011frenme daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Dikkat \u00c7ekme \u0130lkesi- <\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">\u0130nsanlar, temel materyalin d\u00fczenlenmesinde (\u00f6nemli s\u00f6zc\u00fck ve resimlere vb.) vurgulay\u0131c\u0131 ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 eklendi\u011finde daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Gereksizlik \u0130lkesi &#8211;<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar \u00f6\u011frenme a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan resimlerin ve s\u00f6zl\u00fc anlat\u0131m\u0131n birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda; resim, s\u00f6zl\u00fc anlat\u0131m ve metnin birlikte kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlara g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Konumsal Yak\u0131nl\u0131k \u0130lkesi &#8211;<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanalar birbiri ile ili\u015fkili metinlerin ve resimlerin sayfada veya ekran \u00fczerinde birbirlerine yak\u0131n olmas\u0131 durumunda uzakta olmas\u0131na g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenir.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Zamansal Yak\u0131nl\u0131k \u0130lkesi &#8211;<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar birbirleriyle ili\u015fkili metinlerin ve resimlerin ayn\u0131 anda (e\u015fzamanl\u0131) sunuldu\u011fu ortamlarda, ilgili metin ve resimlerin birbiri ard\u0131 s\u0131ra(ard\u0131\u015f\u0131k) sunuldu\u011fu ortamlara g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Par\u00e7alara B\u00f6lme \u0130lkesi &#8211;<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar konunun uygun bi\u00e7imde b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ayr\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 durumlarda, konunun b\u00f6l\u00fcmlere ayr\u0131lmadan verilmesine g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>\u00d6n Al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \u0130lkesi &#8211;<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar \u00f6\u011frenilecek anahtar kavramlar\u0131 ve bu kavramlar\u0131n \u00f6zelliklerini \u00f6nceden bildiklerinde daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Bi\u00e7im \u0130lkesi &#8211;<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar resim ve \u00f6yk\u00fclemenin birlikte sunuldu\u011fu ortamlarda; benzetim ve yaz\u0131n\u0131n birlikte sunuldu\u011fu ortamlara g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>\u00c7oklu Ortam \u0130lkesi- <\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">\u0130nsanlar resim ve yaz\u0131n\u0131n birlikte sunuldu\u011fu ortamlarda sadece yaz\u0131dan olu\u015fan \u00f6\u011frenme ortamlar\u0131na g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirme \u0130lkesi &#8211; <\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\">\u0130nsanlar g\u00fcnl\u00fck dil kullan\u0131lan ortamlarda akademik dil kullan\u0131lan ortamlara g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Ses \u0130lkesi &#8211;<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> \u0130nsanlar s\u00f6zl\u00fc anlat\u0131m\u0131n insan sesi ile verilmesi durumunda, makine sesi ile verilmesine g\u00f6re daha iyi \u00f6\u011frenirler.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"color: #4472c4;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"><b>Resim \u0130lkesi &#8211;<\/b><\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro, sans-serif;\"> Konu\u015fmac\u0131n\u0131n ekranda g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclendi\u011fi ortamlarda, insanlar\u0131n daha iyi \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenemez.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><em><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u015eekil 22.2. Mayer\u2019in (2009) \u00e7oklu ortam tasar\u0131m ilkeleri.<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">\u00c7oklu Ortam Literat\u00fcrde \u00d6nemli Hususlar<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Video tabanl\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerine 2003-2013 y\u0131llar\u0131 aras\u0131nda yap\u0131lan alan yaz\u0131n taramas\u0131 (Yousef, Chatti ve Schroeder, 2014), y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma t\u00fcrlerine yararl\u0131 bir genel bak\u0131\u015f sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015eekil 22.3&#8217;te yeniden d\u00fczenlenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu en son ara\u015ft\u0131rma y\u00f6nelimlerini anlamak i\u00e7in iyi bir ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 <span style=\"font-family: Times New Roman, serif;\">\u200b\u200b<\/span>noktas\u0131d\u0131r ancak \u00e7o\u011funlukla, son be\u015f y\u0131lda \u00fcretilen ve \u00f6\u011frenme ve e\u011fitimde ve video ile ilgili alt\u0131 ana ak\u0131m\u0131 tan\u0131mlayan Mayer (2009) ile sonu\u00e7lanan ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 yok sayar: 1) alg\u0131 ve dikkat; 2) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bellek ve bellek kapasitesi; 3) bili\u015fsel y\u00fck teorisi; 4) bilgi sunumu ve entegrasyonu; 5) \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme (\u00f6\u011frenme stilleri, yakla\u015f\u0131mlar ve \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemleri d\u00e2hil) ve 6) \u00f6z y\u00f6netimli \u00f6\u011frenme. Bu alanlar, \u00f6\u011frenmeye y\u00f6nelik videolar\u0131n etkilili\u011fini g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in uygun analiti\u011fi (burada hem y\u00f6ntemler hem de metrikler kastedilmektedir) anlamak, tan\u0131mlamak ve se\u00e7mek i\u00e7in gerekli teorik temeli sa\u011flar. \u00d6zellikle, ilk \u00fc\u00e7 alanda yap\u0131lan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar, bir \u00f6\u011frenenin videolarla <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>etkile\u015fime girme<\/i><\/span> ve <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>etkile\u015fimde bulunma<\/i><\/span> \u015feklini belirlemek i\u00e7in gerekli parametreleri sa\u011flar ve ikinci \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc set, videolardan ve videolarla <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>\u00f6\u011frenmenin<\/i><\/span> nas\u0131l ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in yararl\u0131 veriler sa\u011flar, hepsi de \u015eekil 22.4&#8217;te g\u00f6sterilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"width: 49.9995%; height: 149px; width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;\" cellpadding=\"7\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"71*\" \/>\n<col width=\"71*\" \/>\n<col width=\"53*\" \/>\n<col width=\"61*\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 26px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 28%; height: 26px; width: 28%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><b>Etkililik<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28%; height: 26px; width: 28%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><b>\u00d6\u011fretim Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21%; height: 26px; width: 21%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><b>Yans\u0131ma<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.24069%; height: 26px; width: 24%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><b>Tasar\u0131m<\/b><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 123px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 28%; height: 123px; width: 28%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Etkile\u015fim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Memnuniyet<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28%; height: 123px; width: 28%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0130\u015fbirlikli \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mikro-\u00f6\u011fretim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Video \u00f6zetleme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Karma \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenci merkezli \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 21%; height: 123px; width: 21%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011fretmen<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenen<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 1.24069%; height: 123px; width: 24%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Derkenar ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Yazarl\u0131k ara\u00e7lar\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc27652264\" id=\"_Toc27652264\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 22.3. Video temelli literat\u00fcre genel bak\u0131\u015f 2003-2013 (Yousef vd., 2014&#8217;ten uyarlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r).<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Yousef ve meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n taksonomisine (2014) ili\u015fkin olarak, <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>etkililik<\/i><\/span> kavram\u0131 daha geni\u015f \u00f6\u011frenme alan\u0131na uymakta (\u015eekil 22.4) ve tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n merkezinde etkilili\u011fin \u00f6\u011fretime, \u00f6\u011frenene ve ara\u00e7lara (\u00f6zellikle videolar) nas\u0131l uygulanabilece\u011finin de\u011ferlendirilmesi yer almaktad\u0131r. \u00d6\u011fretim ile \u00f6\u011frenen aras\u0131nda do\u011frudan bir ba\u011flant\u0131 vard\u0131r: bu ba\u011flant\u0131, \u015eekil 22.3&#8217;te (Yousef vd., 2014) \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemleri ba\u015fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 alt\u0131nda belirtildi\u011fi gibi, bir \u00f6\u011fretenin, \u00f6\u011frenenlere cevap verirken \u00f6\u011frenmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmak ad\u0131na yapt\u0131klar\u0131yla \u00f6rneklendirilmi\u015ftir. Ayr\u0131ca, bu hem \u00f6\u011fretim ve \u00f6\u011frenen hem de \u00f6\u011fretim ve \u00f6\u011frenme ara\u00e7lar\u0131, yani video aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in \u015eekil 22.4&#8217;te geni\u015fletilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6\u011fretim ile \u00f6\u011frenen aras\u0131ndaki etkile\u015fimde, \u00f6\u011frenme bi\u00e7im ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6z y\u00f6netimli \u00f6\u011frenme de \u00f6\u011fretim ve \u00f6\u011frenmenin verimini etkiler. \u00d6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemleri, bili\u015fsel y\u00fck ve \u00e7oklu ortam \u00f6\u011frenme teorisinden etkilenir. \u00d6\u011fretim ile kaynaklar, etkinlikler, destek ve de\u011ferlendirme ara\u00e7lar\u0131 gibi \u00f6\u011fretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 aras\u0131ndaki do\u011frudan ili\u015fki, -bu \u00f6zel durumda, videolar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131,- Yousef ve meslekta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n (2014) taksonomisinde \u201ctasar\u0131m\u201d ad\u0131 alt\u0131nda k\u0131smen var olsa da \u00f6\u011frenciye yap\u0131lan \u00f6nemli at\u0131f, \u00f6zellikle de \u00f6\u011frenciler yaln\u0131zca video t\u00fcketmeyip, ayn\u0131 zamanda videolar\u0131 olu\u015fturuyorsa eksik kalmaktad\u0131r (Juhlin, Zoric, Engstrom ve Reponen, 2014). Son olarak, \u00f6\u011frenme ve video aras\u0131ndaki ikili ili\u015fki, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin alg\u0131, dikkat, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan bellek ve kapasitelerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra videolar\u0131n sa\u011flad\u0131klar\u0131yla g\u00fcd\u00fclenen tercihlerinden de etkilenir. \u015eekil 22.4 ayr\u0131ca, etkilili\u011fi \u00f6l\u00e7erken \u00f6\u011fretim, \u00f6\u011frenen ve video aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkileri ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in uygulanabilecek baz\u0131 temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmleri g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">Videolar\u0131n \u00d6\u011frenmedeki Etkilili\u011fini Ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya Y\u00f6nelik De\u011ferlendirme Y\u00f6ntemleri<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00c7oklu ortam ve videolar\u0131n etkilili\u011fini de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in, deneysel (\u00f6r. laboratuvar) \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla birlikte, yay\u0131nlanm\u0131\u015f \u00e7ok say\u0131da ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00f6\u011fretim teknolojisi ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki en son yeniliklerle birlikte mitolojik bir \u201cgeleneksel \u00f6\u011fretimin\u201d kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m<\/i><\/span> (a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki Videolara Y\u00f6nelik Veri Madencili\u011fi Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne bak\u0131n\u0131z) veya bir \u201cat yar\u0131\u015f\u0131\u201d modelini \u00f6nermektedir (Reeves, 1986, 1991). Deneysel \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n belli bir \u00e7ekicili\u011fi ve g\u00fcvenilirli\u011fi olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, \u00f6\u011fretim teknolojilerini kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131ran deneysel veya yar\u0131 deneysel tasar\u0131mlar\u0131 benimseyen ara\u015ft\u0131rma \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \u00e7ok az say\u0131da faydal\u0131 sonu\u00e7 \u00fcretmi\u015ftir. Literat\u00fcr taramalar\u0131 ve meta-analizler bu olguyu \u201canlaml\u0131 bir fark yok\u201d problemi olarak kabul etmi\u015ftir (Joy ve Garcia, 2000; Oblinger ve Hawkins, 2006; Russell, 1999). Videolar, 1980&#8217;lerden bu yana benzer kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara -\u00f6nce video disklere ve etkile\u015fimli videolara odakl\u0131 daha sonra bilgisayar tabanl\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretime, video animasyonlar\u0131na, belgesellere ve video- kay\u0131tl\u0131 sunumlara veya konferanslara odakl\u0131 olarak konu olmu\u015ftur. Medyan\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki etkisi hakk\u0131ndaki tart\u0131\u015fma, Clark (1983, 1994) ve Kozma&#8217;n\u0131n (1991, 1994) kar\u015f\u0131t g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fleri ile iyi bir \u015fekilde temsil edilmi\u015ftir. Clark (1994), medyan\u0131n hi\u00e7bir ko\u015fulda \u00f6\u011frenmeyi etkilemedi\u011fini; ancak \u201c\u00f6\u011frenmenin, medya sunumuna g\u00f6m\u00fcl\u00fc \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemlerinden kaynakland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d iddia etmektedir (s. 26). \u00d6zellikle, \u00f6\u011fretim y\u00f6ntemleri \u201cba\u015far\u0131 veya motivasyon i\u00e7in gerekli bili\u015fsel s\u00fcre\u00e7leri harekete ge\u00e7iren, destekleyen veya telafi eden bilgileri \u015fekillendirmenin herhangi bir yolu\u201d olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (s. 23). Tart\u0131\u015fman\u0131n di\u011fer taraf\u0131nda, Kozma (1991, 1994), medya ve y\u00f6ntemlerin i\u00e7 i\u00e7e ge\u00e7ti\u011fini ve birbirlerine ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011funu savunmaktad\u0131r:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-199\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/09\/image0050.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"614\" height=\"529\" \/><\/p>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc27652265\" id=\"_Toc27652265\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 22.4. Literat\u00fcrde kullan\u0131lan baz\u0131 temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlere at\u0131flarla birlikte \u00f6\u011frenen, \u00f6\u011fretim ve video aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Etkile\u015fimci bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131na g\u00f6re medya ile \u00f6\u011frenme, bazen \u00f6\u011frenen ve bazen de ortam taraf\u0131ndan temsillerin ve i\u015flemlerin yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 bir s\u00fcre\u00e7 olarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir [..] medya bize g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yeni y\u00f6ntemler verecek \u015fekilde tasarlanmal\u0131 ve y\u00f6ntemlerimiz medyan\u0131n yeteneklerinden uygun \u015fekilde faydalanmal\u0131d\u0131r (1994, s. 11, 16).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Tennyson (1994), bu \u201cB\u00fcy\u00fck medya tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131\u201d i\u00e7inde \u201cbir bilim insan\u0131n\u0131n mevcut durumdan asla tatmin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ancak her zaman ve her \u015feyden \u00f6nce bilginin geni\u015fletilmesinden kaynaklanan zorluklarla kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131\u201d iddia eder (s. 15). O, bir bilim insan\u0131n\u0131n, istatistiksel olarak \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar bulundu\u011funda ve d\u00fcnyadaki karma\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n \u00fcstesinden gelmek i\u00e7in yeni bulunan bir yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 benimsendi\u011fi zaman savunucuya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ileri s\u00fcrer: buna \u201c \u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131\u201d<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote1sym\" name=\"sdfootnote1anc\" id=\"sdfootnote1anc\">1<\/a><\/sup> yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 deniyor. &#8220;Elinde \u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131 olan taraftar, birdenbire, g\u00f6receli olarak s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 say\u0131da problemi \u00e7\u00f6zmek i\u00e7in, yola koyulur. Yani, eskiden bir\u00e7ok farkl\u0131 sorunun t\u00fcm\u00fc, \u015fimdi yeni \u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131 (veya her derde deva ila\u00e7) ile \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilirmi\u015f gibi g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcyor \u201d(s. 16). Bu e\u011fitimde videolarla ve onlardan \u00f6\u011frenme anlam\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan potansiyel &#8220;\u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131&#8221; olarak tek bir de\u011ferlendirme y\u00f6ntemine (\u00f6r. analitik) \u00e7ok fazla odaklanman\u0131n cazibesine kar\u015f\u0131 kesin bir uyar\u0131 sa\u011flamal\u0131d\u0131r. Bunun yerine, videolarla etkile\u015fim, \u00f6\u011frenme ve video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmak ve de\u011ferlendirmek i\u00e7in bir dizi yakla\u015f\u0131m kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcr stratejiler, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki Videolara Y\u00f6nelik Veri Madencili\u011fi Yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcnde incelenecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">METODOLOJ\u0130K ANA HATLAR<\/h2>\n<h3 class=\"western\">Video T\u00fcrleri<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolar, esnek, karma ve \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i \u00f6\u011frenme t\u00fcrlerinin artan ihtiyac\u0131na cevap vermek ve \u00f6\u011frenenlerin ilgisini \u00e7ekmek amac\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitli pedagojik f\u0131rsatlar sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in giderek daha \u00f6nemli hale gelmi\u015ftir. Video kullan\u0131m\u0131nda iki yayg\u0131n kategori vard\u0131r: e\u015fzamanl\u0131 ve e\u015fzamans\u0131z. \u0130lki, \u00f6\u011freten ve \u00f6\u011fretenlerin birbirleriyle sanal s\u0131n\u0131flar, canl\u0131 web yay\u0131nlar\u0131 veya video yay\u0131nlar\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla ayn\u0131 anda etkile\u015fimde bulunmalar\u0131 i\u00e7in ger\u00e7ek zamanl\u0131 bir f\u0131rsat sunar. \u0130kincisi, kendi h\u0131z\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenmeyi destekler ve \u00f6ncelikle ortam ile \u00f6\u011frenen aras\u0131ndaki bireysel bir etkile\u015fimdir. E\u015fzamanl\u0131 olmayan videolar daha yayg\u0131n hale gelmekte ve s\u0131n\u0131f i\u00e7i bir dersin kaydedilmesinden, bir e\u011fitimcinin konu\u015fan kafas\u0131n\u0131n kayd\u0131na veya dersin ana kavramlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren sunular veya g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerin e\u015flik etti\u011fi ders sesine kadar \u00e7e\u015fitlilik g\u00f6stermektedir (Owston, Lupshenyuk ve Wideman, 2011). Bu t\u00fcr ders videolar\u0131 \u00e7e\u015fitli uzunluklarda olabilir ve videolar\u0131n \u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in e\u011fitimcinin ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu kaynak ve zaman\u0131 en aza indiren Echo360<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote2sym\" name=\"sdfootnote2anc\" id=\"sdfootnote2anc\">2<\/a><\/sup>, Opencast<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote3sym\" name=\"sdfootnote3anc\" id=\"sdfootnote3anc\">3<\/a><\/sup> ve Kaltura<sup><a class=\"sdfootnoteanc\" href=\"#sdfootnote4sym\" name=\"sdfootnote4anc\" id=\"sdfootnote4anc\">4<\/a><\/sup> vb. yaz\u0131l\u0131m teknolojilerinin de kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla bir\u00e7ok amfide (b\u00fcy\u00fck derslik) kullan\u0131lan otomatik ders kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131yla daha yayg\u0131n hale gelmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme ba\u011flamlar\u0131nda, bu videolar \u00f6\u011frenenlere tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 kaynaklar olarak sunulurken, bir\u00e7ok e\u011fitimci bilgi aktar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n derse ba\u015flamadan \u00f6nce gerekli video dersleri ile i\u015f birli\u011fine dayal\u0131 ve aktif \u00f6\u011frenme etkinlikleri i\u00e7in s\u0131n\u0131fta zaman sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131 tersy\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 benimsemektedirler. Dahas\u0131 son zamanlarda \u00e7e\u015fitli disiplinleri ve kavramlar\u0131 kapsayan \u00e7ok \u00e7e\u015fitli videolar\u0131n bar\u0131nd\u0131r\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 YouTube, Apple firmas\u0131n\u0131n \u201ciTunes U&#8221; program\u0131 ve Khan Academy gibi ak\u0131\u015f platformlar\u0131n\u0131n mevcudiyeti sayesinde ders videolar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 ivme kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. KA\u00c7D&#8217;ler ayr\u0131ca ders videolar\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131n benimsenmesine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015ftur. Bir\u00e7ok KA\u00c7D sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 (\u00f6r. Coursera, Udacity, EdX) i\u00e7in s\u0131navlar\u0131n, forumlar\u0131n ve okumalar\u0131n desteklendi\u011fi videolar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla kurs i\u00e7eri\u011finin sunuldu\u011fu video ak\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 temel bir i\u015flevselliktir (Diwanji, Simon, Marki, Korkut ve Dornberger, 2014; Li, Kidzinski, Jermann ve Dillenbourg, 2015). Yo\u011fun olarak video derslerine ve i\u00e7erik bireysel olarak tam \u00f6\u011frenilmesine odaklanan bu belirli KA\u00c7D&#8217;ler (\u00f6r. an\u0131nda geri bildirimli s\u0131navlar yoluyla), \u00e7o\u011funlukla gKA\u00c7D&#8217;ler (Conole, 2013) olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan ve \u00e7o\u011funlukla 2012&#8217;den bu yana geli\u015ftirilen bili\u015fsel-davran\u0131\u015f\u00e7\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m izler (Margaryan, Bianco ve Littlejohn, 2015). Bir\u00e7ok durumda, y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim videolar\u0131, mevcut olan imk\u00e2nlarla yap\u0131lan canl\u0131 kayd\u0131n sonucudur (\u00f6r. ekran yakalama ve ses kayd\u0131 ile yap\u0131lan otomatik ders kayd\u0131 veya masa\u00fcst\u00fc kay\u0131t), KA\u00c7D&#8217;lerde ise videolar genellikle senaryo temelli, y\u00fcksek kaliteli ekipman ve h\u0131zl\u0131 \u00fcretim de\u011ferleri ile kaydedilmi\u015f olarak bulunmaktad\u0131r (Guo, Kim ve Rubin, 2014; Ilioudi, Giannakos ve Chorianopoulos, 2013; Kolowich, 2013).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Ders videolar\u0131, \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131 ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilen tek e\u011fitsel video t\u00fcr\u00fc de\u011fildir. \u00d6\u011frencilerin kendi performanslar\u0131n\u0131n veya bir etkinli\u011fe kat\u0131l\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n video kayd\u0131, kendini yans\u0131tma, akran ve \u00f6\u011freten geri bildirimi ve hedef belirleme amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00f6\u011fretmen adaylar\u0131 kendi \u00f6\u011fretim senaryolar\u0131n\u0131n kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 incelediler ve kendi \u00f6zd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcm ama\u00e7lar\u0131 i\u00e7in ya da akranlara geri bildirim sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in Medya Derkenar Arac\u0131 (MDA) gibi video ek a\u00e7\u0131klama yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131yla belirli b\u00f6l\u00fcmler \u00fczerine not ald\u0131lar ya da i\u015faretlemeler yapt\u0131lar. (Colasante, 2010, 2011). \u00d6\u011frenen yans\u0131mas\u0131 ve ele\u015ftirel analiz i\u00e7in video kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 t\u0131p e\u011fitiminde de kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r, b\u00f6ylece \u00f6\u011frenenler temsili hastalarla yapt\u0131klar\u0131 muayenelerinin kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilir ve hasta davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klarlar ve DiViDU not yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak videodaki belirli zaman kodlar\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 iyile\u015fme alanlar\u0131n\u0131 not al\u0131rlar (Hulsman, Harmsen ve Fabriek, 2009). Sahne sanatlar\u0131 disiplininde, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin kendi performanslar\u0131n\u0131n videolar\u0131, \u00f6zd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcm amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (Daniel, 2001) ve daha yak\u0131n zamanda, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin performanslar\u0131 ile ilgili zaman damgal\u0131 ve genel yorumlar yapabilmeleri i\u00e7in CLAS video derkenar yaz\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ile birle\u015ftirilmi\u015ftir. (Ga\u0161evi\u0107, Mirriahi ve Dawson, 2014; Mirriahi, Liaqat, Dawson ve Ga\u0161evi\u0107, 2016; Risko, Foulsham, Dawson ve Kingstone, 2013).<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">\u00d6\u011fretim Programlar\u0131nda Video<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolar \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131na \u00e7e\u015fitli \u015fekillerde d\u00e2hil edilmekle birlikte, videolar\u0131n derse b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirilmesinin etkili olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya daha fazla ayr\u0131nt\u0131land\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fi genellikle a\u00e7\u0131k (\u015feffaf) de\u011fildir. \u0130ster ters y\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n veya KA\u00c7D&#8217;lerin temel bile\u015fenleri, kaynaklar\u0131 olarak ister yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 uygulama ve akran geri bildirimleri i\u00e7in kullan\u0131ls\u0131n, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla nas\u0131l etkile\u015fime girdi\u011fi ve videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme deneyimlerine nas\u0131l katk\u0131da bulundu\u011funu anlamak \u00f6nemlidir (Giannakos vd., 2014). Bug\u00fcne kadar, \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131ndaki videolar\u0131n etkilili\u011fini ara\u015ft\u0131ran \u00e7e\u015fitli e\u011fitim ortamlar\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr (Giannakos, 2013; Yousef vd., 2014). Bununla birlikte, \u00f6nceki \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu, nesnel veriler yerine, b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde \u00f6\u011frenenlerin ve e\u011fitimcilerin \u00f6z-raporlar\u0131na dayanmaktad\u0131r. Yaln\u0131zca \u00f6z raporlara g\u00fcvenmek, \u00f6\u011frenenin \u00f6nceki davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 potansiyel olarak yanl\u0131\u015f hat\u0131rlamalar\u0131na neden olabilir (Winne ve Jamieson-Noel, 2002) veya \u00f6\u011frenenlerin en do\u011fru cevaptan ziyade beklenen cevab\u0131 verdi\u011fi &#8220;sosyal arzulanabilirlik&#8221; yanl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131na yol a\u00e7abilir (Beretvas, Meyers ve Leite, 2002; Gonyea, 2005). Bununla birlikte, \u00f6\u011frenme analiti\u011fi ve veri madencili\u011fi tekniklerindeki son geli\u015fmeler, dijital ayak izlerini analiz ederek, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin \u00f6\u011frenme teknolojilerini fiil\u00ee olarak kullanmalar\u0131na ili\u015fkin daha objektif ve \u00f6zg\u00fcn veriler sa\u011flayabilir (Greller ve Drachsler, 2012). Bu nedenle, veri i\u015flenmesinde \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n di\u011fer veri kaynaklar\u0131na tamamlay\u0131c\u0131 olarak kullanmas\u0131 (\u00f6r. de\u011ferlendirme puanlar\u0131, anketler vb.) (Giannakos, Chorianopoulos ve Chrisochoides, 2015) \u00f6\u011frenenlerin ger\u00e7ekten videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ve videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme deneyimlerine nas\u0131l katk\u0131da bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karmaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>Video analiti\u011fi<\/i><\/span> olarak adland\u0131r\u0131lan \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan elde edilen izleme veya t\u0131klama verilerinden yararlanmak, son y\u0131llarda ak\u0131\u015f video platformlar\u0131ndan (YouTube, Vimeo) veya KA\u00c7D sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131ndan (Udacity, Coursera, FuturLearn, EdX) daha kolay eri\u015filebilir hale gelmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Genel olarak, <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>video analiti\u011fini<\/i><\/span>, \u00f6\u011frenme ba\u011flamlar\u0131nda \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla nas\u0131l etkile\u015fimde bulunduklar\u0131n\u0131 anlamak amac\u0131yla video kullan\u0131mlar\u0131yla ilgili verilerin toplanmas\u0131, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclmesi ve analizi olarak tan\u0131mlar\u0131z. Bu \u00f6\u011frenenlerin mevcut video kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 ile birlikte k\u0131sa s\u0131navlar veya derkenarlar gibi di\u011fer \u00e7evrimi\u00e7i etkinliklerden onlar\u0131n videolarla ve ili\u015fkili etkinliklerle ne zaman ve nas\u0131l ilgilendiklerini ara\u015ft\u0131rma amac\u0131yla toplanan verileri i\u015fleme f\u0131rsat\u0131 sa\u011flar. \u00d6z raporlama yoluyla \u00f6\u011frenenin niyetleri veya motivasyonlar\u0131 hakk\u0131nda bilgi toplanmas\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenen kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olurken bu t\u00fcr verilerin performans \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fcyle (\u00f6r. notlar veya puanlar) toplanmas\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme kazan\u0131mlar\u0131 \u00fczerindeki herhangi bir etkinin tan\u0131mlanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. Toplu olarak, bu \u00e7e\u015fitli veri k\u00fcmeleri, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video teknolojilerine y\u00f6nelik kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131n ve onlarla etkile\u015fimlerinin ders tasar\u0131m\u0131nda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u015fekilde ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011fini veya \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme stratejisinin ama\u00e7lanan kazan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 daha iyi kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in e\u011fitsel yakla\u015f\u0131mda daha fazla g\u00fcncelleme yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekip gerekmedi\u011fini ortaya koymaya yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir (Pardo vd., 2015).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bir sonraki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, \u00f6\u011frenme ve etkile\u015fimdeki \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri anlamaya ba\u015flamak i\u00e7in, \u00f6\u011frenenin video teknolojileri kullan\u0131m\u0131yla (di\u011fer veri toplama y\u00f6ntemlerinin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra video analitiklerini kullanarak) ilgili \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda kullan\u0131lmak \u00fczere \u00e7e\u015fitli yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 tart\u0131\u015f\u0131yoruz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">V\u0130DEOLARA Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K VER\u0130 MADENC\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 YAKLA\u015eIMLARI<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Veri madencili\u011fi genel olarak \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleri, e\u011filimleri veya ili\u015fkileri ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck miktardaki bilgisayarla i\u015flenmi\u015f veriyi toplama, arama ve analiz etme s\u00fcreci olarak tan\u0131mlanmaktad\u0131r (Witten ve Frank, 2005; Romero ve Ventura, 2010; Pena-Ayala, 2014). Bu istatistik ve yapay zek\u00e2&#8217;da (YZ) kullan\u0131lan ara\u00e7lar ve y\u00f6ntemler birle\u015fimi arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla yap\u0131l\u0131r. \u0130\u015fleme (<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>Madencilik<\/i><\/span>) s\u00fcrecini y\u00f6nlendiren algoritmalar YZ kapsam\u0131nda bilgi ke\u015ffi ve makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi (geni\u015f makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi kategorileri ve bunlarla ilgili algoritmalar \u015eekil 22.5&#8217;de g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir) olarak isimlendirilen bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma alan\u0131ndan gelmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00c7oklu ortam ve video \u00fczerine \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarda veri madencili\u011fi uzun zamand\u0131r kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bu k\u0131smen yeni i\u00e7erik olu\u015fturmadaki g\u00f6receli kolayl\u0131k ve videolar\u0131 da\u011f\u0131tmak (yay\u0131nlamak) i\u00e7in web tabanl\u0131 video ak\u0131\u015f\u0131 hizmetlerinin mevcut olmas\u0131 nedeniyledir. Videolar i\u00e7in uygulamalara ve madencilik tekniklerine bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, i\u015fin iki ana zinciri oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr: 1) videonun i\u00e7eri\u011fini anlama ve 2) \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kulland\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 ke\u015ffetme. Sonraki iki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, bu y\u00f6ntem ve tekniklerin baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 inceleyece\u011fiz.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u015eekil 22.5, makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi algoritmalar\u0131 ve <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>video analiti\u011fine<\/i><\/span> tatbik edilebilen uygulamalar\u0131n ba\u011flant\u0131lar\u0131na genel bir bak\u0131\u015f sunmaktad\u0131r. Denetimli ve denetimsiz makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi aras\u0131nda bir ayr\u0131m sa\u011flar ve farkl\u0131 video kullan\u0131mlar\u0131ndan (\u00f6r. \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video i\u00e7eri\u011fi ile etkile\u015fimi ve video kullan\u0131m\u0131ndan) verileri analiz etmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan belirli algoritma t\u00fcrlerine yol a\u00e7ar. Veri kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n niteli\u011fine ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak (\u00f6r. kullan\u0131m ve video i\u00e7i davran\u0131\u015flar veya \u00e7er\u00e7eve analizi), verilerden anlam \u00e7\u0131karmak i\u00e7in farkl\u0131 algoritma k\u00fcmeleri daha uygundur.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-575\" src=\"http:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/8\/2020\/09\/image51-1.png\" alt=\"\" width=\"911\" height=\"707\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a name=\"_Toc27652266\" id=\"_Toc27652266\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 22.5. Literat\u00fcrde kullan\u0131lan baz\u0131 temel \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlere at\u0131flarla birlikte \u00f6\u011frenen<\/i><\/span>, \u00f6\u011fretim <span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>ve video aras\u0131ndaki ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131lar.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde, algoritmalar\u0131n etkilili\u011fi \u00fczerinde durmayaca\u011f\u0131z ancak kullan\u0131m\u0131na \u00f6zel \u00f6nem vererek, video i\u00e7eri\u011fi madencili\u011finin baz\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 k\u0131saca a\u00e7\u0131klayaca\u011f\u0131z. Tablo 22.1, mevcut literat\u00fcr\u00fcn, algoritmalar\u0131n, etkile\u015fim t\u00fcrlerinin ve analizde kullan\u0131lan \u00f6zelliklerin a\u00e7\u0131k bir haritas\u0131n\u0131 sunar.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">\u0130\u00e7eri\u011fe Uygulanan Madencilik<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolar\u0131n anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131, g\u00f6rsel \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc tan\u0131ma (Antani, Kasturi ve Jain, 2002), makine \u00f6\u011frenmesi (Brunelli, Mich ve Modena, 1999) ve ki\u015fi y\u00f6netimli eylem (Avlonitis, Karydis ve Sioutas, 2015; Chorianopoulos, 2012; Risko vd., 2013) gibi otomatik i\u00e7erik tabanl\u0131 y\u00f6ntemlerdeki geli\u015fmeleri destekleyen karma\u015f\u0131k bir meseledir. \u0130kincisi, video kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 veya sosyal \u00fcst verileri (etiketleme, payla\u015fma ve sosyal etkile\u015fim) bireysel olarak kullanmak olabilir. Video i\u00e7eri\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan video indeksleme, \u00fc\u00e7 ana ad\u0131ma dayan\u0131r: 1) video \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmleme, 2) soyutlama ve 3) i\u00e7erik analizi (Fegade ve Dalal, 2014). Ayr\u0131ca, video i\u00e7eri\u011findeki geni\u015fleme g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, gezinme (veya i\u00e7eri\u011fin i\u00e7inde arama) ve \u00f6zetleme sorunlar\u0131 da i\u00e7erik analiti\u011fi kullan\u0131larak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fclebilir (Grigoras, Charvillat ve Douze, 2002; He, Grudin ve Gupta, 2000).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n \u00f6nemi, \u00f6\u011frenenlere video i\u00e7eri\u011fini karakterize etme ve sunma yetene\u011finde ve bu ortam\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenim ve \u00f6\u011fretim ile b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirme y\u00f6ntemlerinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, \u00f6\u011frenenlere bir videodaki kilit noktalara rehberlik etmenin ya da kendi \u00f6\u011frenmelerini d\u00fczenleme yollar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flaman\u0131n daha iyi bir yolu, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videonun konuyla en alakal\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne atlamas\u0131na izin vermek i\u00e7in bir i\u00e7indekiler veya s\u00f6zl\u00fck b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc gibi gezinme indeksi sa\u011flamakt\u0131r. Bunu ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmenin bir yolu, \u00f6\u011fretenlere ve \u00f6\u011frenenlere bir videonun belirli zaman damgal\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerini daha sonra izlemek \u00fczere veya di\u011fer kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n ek a\u00e7\u0131klamalar\u0131n\u0131 ya da bayraklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcleyerek onlar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenmelerine ili\u015fkili olarak kendi \u00f6\u011frenmelerini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in i\u015faretleme yapmalar\u0131na olanak tan\u0131yan bir video i\u015faretleyici yaz\u0131l\u0131m sa\u011flamakt\u0131r (Dawson, Macfadyen, Evan, Foulsham ve Kingstone, 2012). Web siteleri ve uygulamalar\u0131n yeni kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n video izleme ve metin atlama e\u011filimi ile daha yetkin kullan\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n videolar\u0131 atlay\u0131p ilgili metni tarama e\u011filimi (Johnson, 2011) g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, ilgin\u00e7 tasar\u0131m problemleri ve sorular ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar: \u00f6\u011frenenin kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 veya video kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftirerek, \u00d6\u011frencilerin \u201ckalabal\u0131k kaynakl\u0131\u201d uzmanl\u0131\u011f\u0131, acemi veya daha az deneyimli \u00f6\u011frenenler ya da makine \u00f6\u011frenmesinin uyarlanmas\u0131 yoluyla otomatik veya kullan\u0131c\u0131 odakl\u0131 e\u011fitsel destek sa\u011flar m\u0131? Makine taraf\u0131ndan y\u00f6nlendirilen y\u00f6ntemler (yani, EVM ve EYZ topluluklar\u0131) lehine \u00e7ok fazla kan\u0131t olmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen, bilgi temsili ve aktar\u0131m\u0131 hayati bir mesele olarak \u00f6nemini korumaktad\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Videolarla ilgili eri\u015filebilir ba\u015fka bir \u00fcst veri kayna\u011f\u0131, yard\u0131mc\u0131 teknolojiler ve videolarla ilgili metin kopyalar\u0131n\u0131n senkronize edilmesiyle ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin, Ed-X ayn\u0131 sayfada hem video hem de transkript g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerken, YouTube altyaz\u0131 olu\u015fturmak i\u00e7in otomatik bir altyaz\u0131 arac\u0131n\u0131 yak\u0131n zamanda tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ol>\n<li>\n<h4 class=\"western\">Kullan\u0131ma Dayal\u0131 Madencilik: Etkile\u015fimi \u00d6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in Etkinlik Kay\u0131tlar\u0131<\/h4>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u0130zlemenin ya da kay\u0131t g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc verisinin \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video teknolojilerini kullanmas\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve \u00f6\u011frenme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerini ya da kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 anlamaya y\u00f6nelik analizler hem ara\u015ft\u0131rma disiplini (\u00f6r. \u00f6\u011frenme analiti\u011fi ve e\u011fitsel veri madencili\u011fi) a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan hem de \u00f6\u011fretmenlik uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 bilgilendirmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan hala ilk evrelerdedir. Giannakos, Jaccheri ve Krogstie (2015) taraf\u0131ndan belirtildi\u011fi gibi, alan\u0131 ilerletmek i\u00e7in metodolojik yakla\u015f\u0131mlarla daha ileri deneylere ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. Yine de daha geleneksel veri toplama yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 (\u00f6r. anketler, g\u00f6zlemler ve g\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmeler) ile birlikte \u00f6\u011frenenlerin e\u011fitsel veri madencili\u011fi ve \u00f6\u011frenme analiti\u011fi y\u00f6ntemlerini kullanarak video teknolojilerini nas\u0131l \u00f6\u011frendiklerini ara\u015ft\u0131ran ve say\u0131ca artan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar da mevcuttur. Genel bir bak\u0131\u015f sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in spesifik olarak 2000&#8217;den itibaren yay\u0131nlanan video veya \u00e7oklu medya \u00f6\u011frenimini konu alan yay\u0131nlar\u0131 inceledik. Gerekli olan bir di\u011fer kriter, son b\u00f6l\u00fcmde a\u00e7\u0131kland\u0131\u011f\u0131 gibi \u201ckullan\u0131m\u201d veya \u201cetkile\u015fim\u201d ba\u015fl\u0131klar\u0131 alt\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lan de\u011fi\u015fkenlerden en az\u0131ndan birinin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131yd\u0131.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Tablo 22.1&#8217;de, \u00f6\u011frenenin video kullan\u0131m\u0131, kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 ve videolarla \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ara\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in bu y\u00f6ntemleri kullanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 tan\u0131tmaktay\u0131z. \u015eekil 22.5&#8217;te belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere algoritma kategorilerini ve uygulama t\u00fcrlerini kullanan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rd\u0131k.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a name=\"__RefHeading___Toc16122_2033587486\" id=\"__RefHeading___Toc16122_2033587486\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc26737006\" id=\"_Toc26737006\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc26784368\" id=\"_Toc26784368\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc27414452\" id=\"_Toc27414452\"><\/a><a name=\"_Toc27664831\" id=\"_Toc27664831\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>Tablo 22.1. Video Analitik Tekniklerini Kullanan \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n \u00d6zeti<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<table style=\"height: 2014px; width: 1548px; border-spacing: 0px;\" cellpadding=\"7\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"155\" \/>\n<col width=\"80\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"14\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"13\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<thead>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 57px; height: 8px;\" rowspan=\"2\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Kaynak\u00e7a<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 57px;\" rowspan=\"2\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma t\u00fcr\u00fc veya algoritma t\u00fcr\u00fc<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 336.833px; height: 47px;\" colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Kullan\u0131m<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 444.983px; height: 47px;\" colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Etkile\u015fim<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 315.3px; height: 47px;\" colspan=\"4\" valign=\"top\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Ek De\u011fi\u015fkenler<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/thead>\n<tbody>\n<tr style=\"height: 10px;\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Genel kullan\u0131m<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Gezinti<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Video \u0130\u00e7i Davran\u0131\u015f<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Etiketleme \/ Sayfa no.<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Not<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sosyal etkile\u015fim<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenme Tasar\u0131m\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Memnuniyeti<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Alg\u0131lanan etki<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kullan\u0131c\u0131 bilgisi<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">De\u011ferlendirme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 10px;\" valign=\"top\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0130\u00e7erik-ili\u015fkili<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Anusha ve Shereen, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Avlonitis ve Chorianopoulos, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 23px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Avlonitis, Karydis ve Sioutas, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Korelasyon, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Brooks, Epp, Logan ve Greer, 2011<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">K\u00fcmelenme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chen, Chen, Xu, March ve Benford, 2008<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chorianopoulos, 2012<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chorianopoulos, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Chorianopoulos, Giannakos, Chrisochoides ve Reed, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00c7er\u00e7eve<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Cobarzan ve Schoeffmann, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Coleman, Seaton ve Chuang, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Crockford ve Agius, 2006<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">de Konig, Tabbers, Rikers ve Paas, 2011<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Delen, Liew ve Willson, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Dufour, Toms, Lewis ve Baecker, 2005<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Gasevic, Mirriahi, ve Dawson, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Giannakos, Chorianopoulos ve Chrisochoides 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Giannakos, Chorianopoulos ve Chrisochoides, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Giannakos, Jaccheri, ve Krogstie, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Gkonela ve Chorianopoulus, 2012<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Grigoras, Charvillat ve Douze, 2002<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Guo, Kim ve Rubin, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">He, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">He, Grudin, ve Gupta, 2000<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, K\u00fcmeleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">He, Sanocki, Gupta, ve Grudin, 2000<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ilioudi, Giannakos ve Chorianopoulos, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 78px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 78px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kamahara, Nagamatsu, Fukuhara, Kaieda ve Ishii,<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">2009<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 78px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 78px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 78px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 78px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 78px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kim, Guo, Cai, Li, Gajos, ve Miller, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kim, Guo, Seaton, Mitros, Gajos, ve Miller 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Li, Gupta, Sanoki, He, ve Rui, 2000<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Li, Kidzinski, Jermann, ve Dillenbourg, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Li, Zhang, Hu, Zhu, Chen, Jiang, Deng, Guo, Faraco, Zhang, Han, Hua, &amp; Liu, 2010<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Lyons, Reysen, ve Pierce, 2012<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mirriahi ve Dawson, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mirriahi, Liaqat, Dawson, ve Gasevic, 2016<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">K\u00fcmelenme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Monserrat, Zhao, McGee ve Pendey, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Mu, 2010<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Pardo, Mirriahi, Dawson, Zhao, Zhao, ve Gasevic, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Korelasyon, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Phillips, Maor, Preston ve Cumming\u2013Potvin, 2011<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Risko, Foulsham, Dawson ve Kingstone, 2013<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ritzhaupt, Pastore ve Davis, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Samad ve Hamid, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Schwan ve Riempp, 2004<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Shi, Fu, Chen ve Qu, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sinha ve Cassell, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Song, Hong, Oakley, Cho ve Bianchi, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">o<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Syeda-Mahmood ve Poncelon, 2001<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">K\u00fcmelenme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Vondrick ve Ramanan, 2011<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ba\u011f\u0131nt\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 9px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Weir, Kim, Gajos ve Miller, 2015<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Wen ve Rose, 2014<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">K\u00fcmelenme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Wieling ve Hofman, 2010<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Korelasyon, Regresyon<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 47px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 47px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Yu, Ma, Nahrstedt ve Zhang, 2003<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 47px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Modelleme, K\u00fcmeleme<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 47px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 47px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 5px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Zahn, Barquero ve Schwan, 2004<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 24px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Zhang, Zhou, Briggs ve Nunamaker, 2006<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr style=\"height: 30px;\" valign=\"top\">\n<td style=\"width: 250.8px; height: 30px; height: 4px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Zupancic ve Horz, 2002<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 133.017px; height: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 88.1833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 105.483px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 39.7667px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 64.5px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 92.4333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 129.717px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 94.7px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 89.2333px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 145.45px; height: 30px;\"><\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 73.1167px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 29.3833px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 28.45px; height: 30px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">v<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>NOTLAR<\/b>: &#8216;o&#8217; bulunan yerlerde, at\u0131f yorumlanmaya tabidir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Sans Pro Light, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><b>Genel kullan\u0131m, <\/b>faaliyet say\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder<b>; Gezinme<\/b>;<b> tarama, arama ve atlama<\/b> anlam\u0131na gelir; Video<b> i\u00e7i davran\u0131\u015flar oynatma, duraklatma, geri alma, ileri sarma ve h\u0131z de\u011fi\u015fikliklerini<\/b> sunar; Etiketleme \/ \u0130\u015faretleme<b>, bir anahtar kelime (etiketleme) veya g\u00f6rsel g\u00f6sterge (&#8220;v&#8221; ile i\u015faretleme) i\u00e7erebilen bir zaman noktas\u0131n\u0131 i\u015faretlemenin basit bir eylemidir; Ek a\u00e7\u0131klama<\/b>, videolara<b> metin veya ba\u015fka kaynaklar ekleyebilme yetene\u011fini ifade eder; Sosyal Etkile\u015fim<\/b>, girdi veya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131 ba\u015fkalar\u0131yla payla\u015fma yetene\u011fini ifade eder;<b> \u00d6\u011frenme tasar\u0131m\u0131,<\/b> \u00f6zel olarak tasarlanm\u0131\u015f ko\u015fullara, etkinliklere veya sunum modlar\u0131na at\u0131fta bulunur;<b> Memnuniyet <\/b>ve <b>Alg\u0131lanan etkililik<\/b>, <b>anketler veya di\u011fer \u00e7evrim i\u00e7i y\u00f6ntemler (\u00f6rn; k\u0131sa s\u0131navlar) yoluyla elde edilir;<\/b> Kullan\u0131c\u0131 bilgisi, kullan\u0131c\u0131<b> detaylar\u0131n\u0131n (\u00f6rn; demografik bilgiler)<\/b> mevcudiyeti anlam\u0131na gelir; De\u011ferlendirme, performans testlerinin veya notlar\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eder; <b>\u0130\u00e7erik- \u0130lgili ise girdi \/ \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131n<\/b> i\u00e7erikle alakal\u0131 oldu\u011fu anlam\u0131na gelir.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Her de\u011fi\u015fkenin tan\u0131m\u0131na ek olarak, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma veya algoritma tipi, kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 veya \u015eekil 22.5&#8217;teki \u015fema kullan\u0131larak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f veri madencili\u011fi tekniklerini uygulayan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalarla daha \u00f6nce sunulan taksonomiyi kullan\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle veriye ve de\u011fi\u015fkenlere \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretimi sadece kendileri bilgilendirmek i\u00e7in de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda kullan\u0131m ve videolarla etkile\u015fim \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini a\u00e7\u0131klamak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan, i\u015fe at\u0131fta bulunan bir \u201cmodelleme\u201d t\u00fcr\u00fc eklenmi\u015ftir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">Kullan\u0131mdan Kat\u0131l\u0131ma Ge\u00e7i\u015f<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6nceki b\u00f6l\u00fcmde g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, bir dizi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolarla neler yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte,<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i> etkile\u015fimi<\/i><\/span> \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretme ba\u011flam\u0131nda karakterize etmek i\u00e7in, videolarla etkile\u015fimin ne anlama geldi\u011fini bilmek \u00f6nemlidir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, bir \u00f6\u011frenen \u201cters y\u00fcz edilmi\u015f s\u0131n\u0131f\u201d etkinli\u011finin bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olarak sunulan bir videonun oynat d\u00fc\u011fmesini t\u0131klayabilir ve daha sonra kahve yapmaya gidebilir. Video hala oynamakta ve bu etkinli\u011fi <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>kullan\u0131l\u0131yor<\/i><\/span> olarak kaydetmekte olabilir; ancak \u00f6\u011frenen faaliyetle <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i>me\u015fgul<\/i><\/span> de\u011fildir. Bu etkinlik g\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc yorumlamada g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck meydana getirir ve daha \u00f6nce bahsedilen \u201c\u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131\u201d yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131ndan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in bir durum yarat\u0131r. \u00d6\u011frenilecek i\u015f \u00fczerinde harcanan zaman, ekolojik olarak ge\u00e7erli bir ortamda yorumlanabilecek kadar basit de\u011fildir; de\u011fi\u015fkenlerin kontrol alt\u0131nda tutuldu\u011fu deneysel ko\u015fullar\u0131n aksine, ger\u00e7ek \u00f6\u011frenme olduk\u00e7a g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc ortamlarda (\u00f6r. otob\u00fcsle gidi\u015f-geli\u015f yaparken mobil cihazla ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen) olabilir (Chen, Seilhamer, Bennett ve Bauer, 2015).<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bununla birlikte, modern web teknolojileriyle al\u0131nan tedbirler bu sorunu k\u0131smen a\u015fabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin, video i\u00e7i s\u0131navlara (V\u0130S) yer vermek, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videodaki kavramlar\u0131 anlay\u0131p anlamad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 veya bunlar\u0131n etkilili\u011fini nas\u0131l alg\u0131lad\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kontrol etme f\u0131rsat\u0131 sunar. Bunlar sadece kat\u0131l\u0131m konusundaki \u201ce\u011filimi\u201d de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda \u00f6\u011frenmeye y\u00f6nelik videolar\u0131n etkilili\u011fi hakk\u0131nda bir fikir sunar. \u00c7o\u011fu KA\u00c7D sa\u011flay\u0131c\u0131s\u0131, belirli noktalara eklenebilecek VIS&#8217;ler sunar.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Giannakos vd. (2014) video i\u00e7i davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 incelemek, farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrlerdeki video uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131n ve s\u0131nav kombinasyonlar\u0131n\u0131n uygunlu\u011funu test etmek i\u00e7in ilgin\u00e7 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m sunmu\u015ftur. SocialSkip web uygulamas\u0131 (http:\/\/www.socialskip.org), \u00f6\u011fretenlerin farkl\u0131 senaryolar\u0131 test etmelerine ve \u00f6\u011frencilerin gezinme ve performanslar\u0131ndaki sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 g\u00f6rmelerine imk\u00e2n tan\u0131r. Bu anlamda, Kozma&#8217;n\u0131n, medyan\u0131n (yani videolar\u0131n) \u00f6\u011frenenle etkile\u015fime giren \u00f6zellikleri tan\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131, g\u00f6revin (yani \u00f6\u011frenilecek i\u015fin) \u00f6zelliklerinin, onlar\u0131 kullanan \u00f6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu ve dolay\u0131s\u0131yla ortam ile m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olan etkile\u015fim t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \u015fekillendirdi\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki arg\u00fcman\u0131 analitik ile do\u011frudan test edilebilmektedir.<\/span><\/p>\n<h3 class=\"western\">Kullan\u0131m ve Kat\u0131l\u0131mdan \u00d6\u011frenme \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc<\/h3>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Baz\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video taraf\u0131ndan sa\u011flanan f\u0131rsatlardan memnuniyet duydu\u011fu (Merkt, Weigand, Heier ve Schwan, 2011) ve belirli ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda, \u00f6zel tasar\u0131mlarla videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ilerletti\u011fini (vek\u00e2leten ba\u015far\u0131 d\u00fczeyi ve notlar kullan\u0131larak) g\u00f6steren kan\u0131tlar mevcuttur (Giannakos vd., 2014; Mirriahi ve Dawson, 2013). Laboratuvar deneyleri, videolar\u0131n daha iyi keskinli\u011fe ve hassasiyete \u00f6nc\u00fcl\u00fck etti\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir (Mayer, Heiser ve Lonn, 2001) ancak aktar\u0131m konusu \u00e7o\u011fu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n zay\u0131f oldu\u011fu bir husustur. \u00d6\u011frenmeyi nas\u0131l g\u00f6sterece\u011fiz? \u0130\u00e7eri\u011fe daha aktif kat\u0131l\u0131m derin \u00f6\u011frenmeyi kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorsa, videolar bu f\u0131rsat\u0131 sa\u011flayabilir mi ve e\u011fer sa\u011fl\u0131yorsa hangi ko\u015fullar alt\u0131nda sa\u011flar?<\/span><\/p>\n<table cellpadding=\"7\" style=\"width: 100%; border-spacing: 0px;\">\n<colgroup>\n<col width=\"87*\" \/>\n<col width=\"82*\" \/>\n<col width=\"87*\" \/> <\/colgroup>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6; background-color: #deeaf6; width: 34%; height: 7px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">1. Entelekt\u00fcel<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6; background-color: #deeaf6; width: 32%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">2. Duygusal<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6; background-color: #deeaf6; width: 34%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">3. Davran\u0131\u015f<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 34%; height: 131px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Otantik \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0130lgi<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">G\u00f6rev<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Ki\u015fiselle\u015ftirme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Motivasyon<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">G\u00fcven ve Arkada\u015fl\u0131k<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">G\u00fc\u00e7lendirme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Rekabet<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Tutarl\u0131l\u0131k<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011fretim Dili<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Geri bildirim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Oyunla\u015ft\u0131rma<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6; background-color: #deeaf6; width: 34%; height: 28px;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">4. Fiziki<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6; background-color: #deeaf6; width: 32%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">5. Sosyal<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"background: #deeaf6; background-color: #deeaf6; width: 34%;\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">6. K\u00fclt\u00fcrel<\/span><\/p>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td style=\"width: 34%; height: 100px;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00d6\u011frenme ortam\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Hareket\/eylem<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Kinestetik \u00f6\u011frenme<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 32%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Etkile\u015fim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u0130leti\u015fim<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Yar\u0131\u015fma<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Akran bask\u0131s\u0131<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<td style=\"width: 34%;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">\u00c7e\u015fitlilik<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Sembolizm<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">M\u00fctekabiliyet<\/span><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><a name=\"_Toc27652267\" id=\"_Toc27652267\"><\/a> <span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><i>\u015eekil 22.6. \u00d6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretime kat\u0131l\u0131m unsurlar\u0131.<\/i><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenmenin videolarla<span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro Light, serif;\"><i> etkile\u015fim<\/i><\/span> seviyesine g\u00f6re ger\u00e7ekle\u015fip ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmedi\u011finin tespit edilip edilemeyece\u011fi konusu tart\u0131\u015fmal\u0131 bir konudur. \u00d6nceden, \u00f6\u011frenilecek i\u015f \u00fczerinde ge\u00e7irilecek zaman\u0131n, kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7menin etkisiz bir yolu oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftik. Asl\u0131nda, \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretimde kat\u0131l\u0131m \u015fu alt\u0131 boyuta sahip olmakla karakterize edilebilir (\u015eekil 22.6): bilimsel, duygusal, davran\u0131\u015fsal, fiziksel, sosyal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel. Videolar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcne al\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131nda en alakal\u0131 boyutlar\u0131n, \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131ndaki birle\u015ftirme ve kullan\u0131m\u0131n do\u011fas\u0131 ile i\u00e7 i\u00e7e oldu\u011fu ve bu nedenle, \u00f6\u011frenmeye kat\u0131l\u0131m\u0131n ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan verilerin t\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00f6\u011frenme tasar\u0131m\u0131na ve mevcut teknolojiye ba\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu s\u00f6ylenebilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6rne\u011fin, anketlerin yan\u0131 s\u0131ra \u00f6\u011frenenlerin video kullanmas\u0131ndan kaynaklanan analitiklerin bir kombinasyonu, \u00f6rne\u011fin; \u00f6\u011frenenlerin videolar\u0131 konu ile ilgili veya zorlay\u0131c\u0131 bulup bulmad\u0131klar\u0131 ve bunlar\u0131 izlemeye y\u00f6nelik motivasyonlar\u0131 gibi \u00f6\u011frenmenin entelekt\u00fcel, duygusal ve k\u00fclt\u00fcrel boyutlar\u0131yla ilgili metriklerin yakalanmas\u0131na yard\u0131mc\u0131 olabilir. VIS&#8217;lerin eklenmesiyle, geri bildirim ve talimatlar\u0131n netli\u011fi (davran\u0131\u015fsal boyutu) incelenebilir. Video etiketleme ve a\u00e7\u0131klama kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ile sosyal boyut d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclebilir; videolar s\u0131n\u0131fta kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa, fiziksel \u00e7evrenin \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki etkilerini anlama f\u0131rsat\u0131 vard\u0131r. Temel sorunlardan biri, videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme \u00fczerindeki etkisinin geni\u015fletilmemesidir; \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u00f6\u011frenme vekili, genellikle video etkinli\u011finin d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki de\u011ferlendirmeler yoluyla ortaya konan \u00f6\u011frenci performans\u0131 veya ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131d\u0131r (bir videoyla do\u011frudan ili\u015fkili i\u00e7eri\u011fi de\u011ferlendiren \u00f6zet s\u0131navlar olarak kullan\u0131labilecek V\u0130S&#8217;ler hari\u00e7). Bu videolarla etkile\u015fim yoluyla elde edilen \u00f6\u011frenmenin kapsam\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ge\u00e7erli yarg\u0131larda bulunma konusunda g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fck olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. Bununla birlikte, \u00f6\u011frenenlerin, videolar\u0131n yararl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya etkinli\u011fi hususundaki geri bildirimlerine ve \u00f6\u011frenme deneyimlerine bir bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 sa\u011flayan memnuniyet d\u00fczeylerine g\u00fcvenebiliriz.<\/span><\/p>\n<h2 class=\"western\">\u00d6ZET VE GELECE\u011eE Y\u00d6NEL\u0130K \u00d6NER\u0130LER<\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde verilen genel bak\u0131\u015f, \u00f6\u011frenme bilimcilerini, ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar\u0131, e\u011fitimcileri ve videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme, kullan\u0131m ve yeni sorular\u0131 ve hipotezi ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in uyarlanabilecek \u00f6nceki yakla\u015f\u0131mlara d\u00e2hil olmalar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rmakla ilgilenen di\u011fer ki\u015filere tan\u0131tmak i\u00e7indir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, e\u011fitim ama\u00e7l\u0131 kullan\u0131lan potansiyel video t\u00fcrlerine ve bunlar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131na entegre edilebilecek \u00e7e\u015fitli yollara genel bir bak\u0131\u015f sunmu\u015ftur (ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir liste olmasa da). Veri madencili\u011fi yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131, \u00f6\u011frenenin kullan\u0131m\u0131, kat\u0131l\u0131m ve videolarla \u00f6\u011frenme ile ilgili (daha geleneksel yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra) ilgili verilerin analiz edilmesinin bir y\u00f6ntemi olarak, son zamanlarda yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda okuyucunun daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rmas\u0131 i\u00e7in ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7 noktas\u0131 olarak bildirilen yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n k\u0131sa bir \u00f6zeti ile tart\u0131\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, video analiti\u011fi ve bu yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenenin ilgisini \u00e7ekmeyi ve videolarla \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 ve de\u011ferlendirmeyi nas\u0131l destekleyebilece\u011fini g\u00f6steren baz\u0131 uygulamalar\u0131 tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u00c7oklu ortam \u00f6\u011frenimi i\u00e7erisinde \u00f6\u011fretim programlar\u0131nda yer alan video kavramlar\u0131n\u0131n konumland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, \u00e7oklu ortam\u0131n (ve videolar\u0131n) \u00f6\u011frenme ve \u00f6\u011fretime nas\u0131l d\u00e2hil edildi\u011fine ve bunlar\u0131n etkilili\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan tarihsel olarak nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirildiklerine y\u00f6nelik yollar\u0131n g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmaya y\u00f6nelik teorik bir temel sa\u011flar. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi, tek bir yakla\u015f\u0131m veya \u201c \u0130ngiliz anahtar\u0131\u201d, y\u00f6ntem ve yakla\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n bir kombinasyonu kadar uygun olmayabilir.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00c7oklu ortam ve videolar\u0131n \u00f6\u011frenme i\u00e7in etkinli\u011finin de\u011ferlendirilmesi \u00fczerine yap\u0131lan bir\u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmaya ra\u011fmen, cevaplanmas\u0131 gereken pek \u00e7ok soru bulunmaktad\u0131r. Video teknolojileri taraf\u0131ndan yakalanan artan veri k\u00fctlesine ula\u015fmak ve bunlar\u0131 geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma ve stratejilerin geni\u015fletilmesi, a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerle s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 olmayan bir soru ortam\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131rma f\u0131rsat\u0131 sunar:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenciler farkl\u0131 t\u00fcrdeki videolar\u0131 nas\u0131l kullan\u0131r, onlarla nas\u0131l etkile\u015fime girer ve nas\u0131l \u00f6\u011frenir (\u00f6r. yans\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 \u00f6\u011frenme vs. konferans \u00f6\u011frenmesi)? Video analiti\u011fi, \u00f6\u011frenen geri bildirimi ve \u00f6\u011freten yans\u0131malar\u0131ndan ve \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131 veya \u00f6\u011frenme tasar\u0131m ba\u011flamlar\u0131ndan olu\u015fan karma y\u00f6ntemler yakla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 burada yararl\u0131 olacakt\u0131r.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">a) video i\u00e7eri\u011finde yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken de\u011fi\u015fiklikler veya bunlar\u0131n \u00f6\u011fretim program\u0131na nas\u0131l d\u00e2hil edildi\u011fi hakk\u0131nda \u00f6\u011fretenleri bilgilendirmek ya da b) video i\u00e7eri\u011fi veya ilgili etkinliklerle daha iyi ilgilenmeleri i\u00e7in \u00f6\u011frenenlere \u00f6\u011frenme stratejileri hakk\u0131nda bilgi vermek hususlar\u0131nda ne t\u00fcr m\u00fcdahalelerde bulunulabilir? Bu t\u00fcr m\u00fcdahaleler tan\u0131mland\u0131ktan sonra, bunlar\u0131n etkilili\u011finin ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekecektir.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">\u00d6\u011frenme vekillerine (\u00f6r. de\u011ferlendirme puanlar\u0131 veya final puanlar\u0131) g\u00fcvenmek yerine, videolarla veya videolardan \u00f6\u011frenme nas\u0131l daha do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde y\u00f6nlendirilebilir?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Video i\u00e7eri\u011fiyle ilgili veriler, \u00f6\u011frenenin kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ve kat\u0131l\u0131m \u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclerini nas\u0131l etkiledi\u011fini ke\u015ffetmek i\u00e7in nas\u0131l daha iyi kullan\u0131labilir?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<li>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\">Bu etki alan\u0131 i\u00e7in en etkili algoritmalar nelerdir? \u00d6\u011fretim tasar\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 bilgilendirmek, \u00f6\u011frenmeyi ve \u00f6\u011frenci deneyimini geli\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in daha fazla f\u0131rsat sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla olu\u015fturulan modellerden baz\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak m\u00fcmk\u00fcn m\u00fcd\u00fcr?<\/span><\/p>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2 class=\"western\">KAYNAK\u00c7A<\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Antani, S., Kasturi, R., &amp; Jain, R. (2002). A survey on the use of pattern recognition methods for abstraction, indexing and retrieval of images and video. <i>Pattern Recognition, 35<\/i>(4), 945\u2013965. http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/ S0031-3203(01)00086-3 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Anusha, V., &amp; Shereen, J. (2014). Multiple lecture video annotation and conducting quiz using random tree classification. <i>International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology, 8<\/i>(10), 522\u2013525. <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\">Atkins, M. J. (1993). 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In <i>Proceedings of the 7th Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education <\/i>(ITiCSE\u201902), 24\u201328 June 2002, Aarhus, Denmark (pp. 24\u201328). New York: ACM. <span style=\"color: #0563c1;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/544414.544424\" target=\"_top\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">http:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/544414.544424<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote1\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\" id=\"sdfootnote1sym\">1<\/a> orj. big wrench<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote2\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote2anc\" name=\"sdfootnote2sym\" id=\"sdfootnote2sym\">2<\/a> Echo360 Active Learning Platform http:\/\/echo360.com<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote3\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote3anc\" name=\"sdfootnote3sym\" id=\"sdfootnote3sym\">3<\/a> Opencast http:\/\/www.opencast.org<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote4\">\n<p style=\"text-align: left;\"><span style=\"font-family: Source Serif Pro, serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: small;\"><a class=\"sdfootnotesym\" href=\"#sdfootnote4anc\" name=\"sdfootnote4sym\" id=\"sdfootnote4sym\">4<\/a> Kaltura http:\/\/corp.kaltura.com<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"menu_order":1,"template":"","meta":{"pb_show_title":"on","pb_short_title":"","pb_subtitle":"","pb_authors":[],"pb_section_license":""},"chapter-type":[48],"contributor":[],"license":[],"class_list":["post-76","chapter","type-chapter","status-publish","hentry","chapter-type-numberless"],"part":73,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/76","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/chapter"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/76\/revisions"}],"part":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/parts\/73"}],"metadata":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapters\/76\/metadata\/"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=76"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"chapter-type","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/pressbooks\/v2\/chapter-type?post=76"},{"taxonomy":"contributor","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/contributor?post=76"},{"taxonomy":"license","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/acikkitap.com.tr\/oaek\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/license?post=76"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}